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Abstract
Objective
An impaired cerebrospinal venous drainage, defined as chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), has been recently hypothesized to be the possible cause of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated this hypothesis by studying the occurrence of CCSVI in clinically isolated syndromes (CISs) suggestive of MS..... Read More - http://www.msrc.co.uk/index.cfm/fuseact ... ageid/2944

Abstract
Objective
An impaired cerebrospinal venous drainage, defined as chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), has been recently hypothesized to be the possible cause of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated this hypothesis by studying the occurrence of CCSVI in clinically isolated syndromes (CISs) suggestive of MS.

Methods
Fifty consecutive patients presenting with a CIS and evidence of dissemination in space of the inflammatory lesions (ie, possible MS [pMS]) underwent a detailed diagnostic workup, including extracranial and transcranial venous echo-color Doppler sonography (ECDS-TCDS). Those with CCSVI underwent selective venography. Fifty healthy subjects (HCs) age-matched and gender-matched with pMS patients (HC1); 60 patients with transient global amnesia (TGA); and 60 healthy subjects age-matched and gender-matched with TGA patients (HC2) constituted the control groups and underwent ECDS-TCDS.

Results
Mean age of pMS patients was 33.0 ± 8.5 years (range, 14–50); 35 (70%) were female (female:male ratio, 2.3). TCDS was normal in all pMS patients. One or more abnormal ECDS findings were observed in 26 of 50 (52.0%) pMS patients, in 35 of 110 (31·8%) HCs (HC1+HC2), and in 41 of 60 (68.3%) TGA patients. Eight (16%) pMS patients fulfilled the diagnosis of CCSVI. Selective phlebography performed in 7 of these patients (1 denied consent) did not show venous anomalies.

Interpretation
Our findings do not support a cause-effect relationship between CCSVI and pMS. Further studies are warranted to clarify whether CCSVI is associated with later disease stages and characterizes the progressive forms of MS.

Source: Ann Neurol 2011;69:90–99.(01/02/11)

Extracranial venous stenosis is an unlikely cause of multiple sclerosis.

Message: If you have RRMS for 10 years you are highly likely to have treatable (extra cranial) stenoses. So why not get them diagnosed and treated, asap ???

The etiology (root causes) of MS is unknown after 150 years of research, please do not expect a answer soon.

MarkW

MarkW can you explain inter crainial - I apoligise if Im going off thread

Message: If you have RRMS for 10 years you are highly likely to have treatable (extra cranial) stenoses. So why not get them diagnosed and treated, asap ???

MarkW

The cranium is the skull; Extra is outside; Inter is inside.

Sumsum - if I had CIS and stenosis I would have my veins treated. Its your personal choice and there are no results with CIS so far.

MarkW wrote:
Message: If you have RRMS for 10 years you are highly likely to have treatable (extra cranial) stenoses. So why not get them diagnosed and treated, asap ???

Concerned comments: Because it might not help MS symptoms at all.

MarkW replies: But it might help MS symptoms and the majority of patients and clinicians who report observations, report improvements. I do not see any logical reason for waiting if you have RRMS for more than 10 years. MS is progressive and the procedure is a lesser risk.

Goodnight all,

MarkW

Intra is inside. Inter is between. Like internet (WWW) vs. intranet (LAN).