This Is MS Multiple Sclerosis Community: Knowledge & Support

Dr. Zamboni's first hypothesis was a compression from bones. Found reflux in veins for 1st time in 2002

From 2002 Dr. Zamboni focused on flow abnormalities & intraluminal anomalies based on looking at pts who died from MS

Dr. Zamboni: CCSVI treatment is about stability, i.e., stopping progression, but it does not work for everyone #CCSVI #ISNVD #MS

Dr. Zamboni: 18 pts treated in actute relapse eith amazing results; must be distinguished from chronic progression #CCSVI #ISNVD

Dr. Zamboni: In acute relapse, improvement comes from improved perfusion; reversal can be quite significant #CCSVI #ISNVD

Dr. Zamboni: first azygos treated Dec 11, 2006; first jugular angioplasty Dec 13, 2006. Then proceeded to begin IRB study.

Dr. Zamboni: A multidisciplinary team is essential for any centre researching CCSVI. Dr. Z gives credit to his team

Dr. Zamboni: post mitten studies showed intraluminal defects in addition to compression from bone

Venous Angioplasty In Multiple Sclerosis: Long Term Clinical Outcome Of A Cohort Of Relapsing-Remitting
Patients

Fabrizio Salvi , MD, PhD; Ilaria Bartolomei , MD, PhD; Elena Buccellato , BS; Erica Menegatti , PhD; Roberto
Galeotti , MD; Paolo Zamboni , MD.

Purpose: To report long term clinical outcome of endovascular treatment for chronic cerebrospinal venous
insufficiency (CCSVI) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with clinically-definite relapsing remitting MS received percutaneous
transluminal angioplasty for CCSVI at a distance from a clinical relapse and had a regular follow-up extending
at least 2 years both before and after the first endovascular treatment (mean postoperative follow-up 31 months).

Results: Overall 44 endovascular therapy sessions were performed without major complications.
Thirteen of 29 patients (45%) received more than one treatment session because of venous restenosis.
The annual relapse rate of MS was significantly lower postoperatively (0.45+/-0.62 vs 0.76+/-0.99; p=0.021),
but it increased in 4 patients. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 2 years after treatment was
significantly lower compared to the EDSS at the visit obtained 2 years before treatment (1.98+/-0.92 vs 2.27+/-
0.93; p=0.037), but it was increased in 4 patients.

Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of concurrent CCSVI is safe and repeatable and can reduce the annual
relapse rates and the cumulative disability in patients with RR-MS. Randomized controlled studies are needed to
further assess the clinical effects of endovascular treatment of CCSVI in MS.

Paolo Zamboni says an engineering model shows "there's more blood trapped in the necks of CCSVI patients"