Um.....
It's
translational research, Cece. Not error. Stages of scientific investigation.
http://www.ctsi.ucla.edu/education/file ... 013.pdf%20
T1 → T2 → T3 → T4
T1 or translation phase 1 jump-starts the translation of bench research to the patient bedside, albeit in a limited fashion. Here is where case study research and Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials usually occur. Will a new treatment X that was discovered in a hospital research lab work in, say, ten patients at that hospital?
T2 expands that sphere of discovery to the larger patient populations seen in Phase 3 and 4 clinical trials, observational studies, and perhaps some survey research. Again, using the same new treatment X example, will it now work in two hundred patients from different types of populations at different hospitals or clinic sites? How about thousands?
Once positive results are obtained from T2, then T3 can be launched into action. The practice-oriented stage of translational science, T3 relies on dissemination and implementation research to find out the answers to such questions as: Is treatment X now actually being used in the world-at-large, and if not, why not? The identification of new clinical questions, barriers, and gaps in care related to treatment X is focused on at this stage.
What happens if the results from T3 (or for that matter from any of the preceding stages) aren’t positive or aren’t as good as hoped for? The power of translational research is that it is an iterative process, allowing room for the returning to a prior translational stage to respond to treatment strategy barriers.
Finally, if T1 –T3 have reached their goals and responded effectively to any issues, new policy research is engendered in T4. What is the best method to reach clinicians and patients alike with a nationwide policy concerning treatment X so that they, first, will understand the new treatment and second, start to use it?
http://www.tuftsctsi.org/about-us/what- ... 1103215140
Dr. Haskal was commenting on the fact that we went straight to treating venous malformations and calling it "CCSVI" in the patient population.
He does not begrudge the patients who were treated any of their benefits...he was commenting on the fact that we need a "do-over" for CCSVI science and its relationship to neurodegenerative disease. But he also said he treats stenotic jugular veins and other veins every day, for a variety of diseases. And as Dr. Dake has published, he sees similar improvements in fatigue, cognitive fog and other symptomology in those he treats for vena cava syndrome, jugular stenosis and other central venous issues. The IRs treat venous disease...they want to start over in understanding how it impacts the brain. Back to T1, FDA approved registries (like the Hubbard Foundation) and clinical trials for that.
So, yeah, I was there. No gun shots, not a lot of hyperbole, either. And Jeff was there with me for all the lectures, enjoying the science and the benefit of his healed gray matter.
cheer