L wrote:
scorpion wrote:
Exactly my point Lyon. Zamboni's "results" shoul be getting easier to replicate not harder. Now Zamboni is claiming that the recent results showing very little connection between CCSVI and MS are wrong because the researchers did not use HIS protocol . Red flags everywhere.
The Berlin study did not even attempt to use the same protocol though!
When you say Berlin study, I assume you mean the study that Scorpion linked to start this thread. (I got tripped up before, because it seems there are a couple of German studies/papers that have been done.) If that is the case, they did try to replicate Zamboni's findings using the same methods/criteria. They used similar equipment, i.e. a 7.5 MHz probe for general imaging, and a 2.5 MHz probe for transcranial analysis.
The main point of contention seems to be that they had subjects use a Valsalva maneuver during the examination for reflux. But in the study, it seems they only did this to evaluate jugular valve incompetence, a test they added in addition to Zamboni's 5 tests.
The other discrepancy mentioned was they had subjects momentarily hold their breath at the top of each inhalation, i.e. episodes of apnea. But in the paper, "The value of cerebral Doppler venous haemodynamics in the assessment of multiple sclerosis" (Zamboni, et al), Zamboni's group did exactly the same thing.
So, the German researchers did use the same protocol in trying to replicate Zamboni's ultrasound findings. Why their results are so different (from the BNAC study, as well) is anyone's guess.