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Antipsychotics / Neuroleptics For Mental Disorders - Comments



In terms of antipsychotics / neuroleptics meant for the treatments of mental disorders , clinical evidences actually indicate that those troubled with mental disorders, especially the serious ones, shouldn't just rely solely upon the medications as the one and only means of solution to their mental problems.


To put it bluntly, such medications, they are no different from sleeping pills whereby their calming effects just 'come and go' after the lapse of their effective period whilst their potential disastrous side effects can be permanent upon manifestations. In medical sense, such mental disorders, especially the serious ones is mainly caused by the malfunctionings of the mood regulator neurotransmitter, especially Serotonin in the brain. Next, though the related medications can to a certain extent bring such a severe mental disorder under control by 'artificially' regulating, blocking and controlling the re-uptake of it in the brain of the persons suffering from it, medications alone however, by no means would be able to deal conclusively with the problems due to the fact that the root causes of such a disorder is actually resulting largely from the environmental, circumstantial and other interpersonal factors (or the changes of them) that are deemed to be emotionally and adversely unacceptable to the ones suffering from it to a very great extent. Such negative changes in turn actually account for the negative behavioural changes in them as described


In short, it remains the truth that most of the antipsychotics / neuroleptics meant for especially the treatment of chronic mental illnesses would tend to work in such a way that they would need to change / alter the chemical balances in the brain of those taking such medications in the process of bringing such disorders under control. In the process of doing so, such a mechanism would unavoidably and eventually antagonize the neurotransmitters of the nervous system, especially the serotonin and dopamine (which is necessary for various neuromuscular functions), and hence disturb and interfere with the normal functionings of the nerves of the human body.


Next, though it may take years for such undesirable side effects / scenario to manifest onto the ones taking such medications, I am just in the opinion that in the case of the medications having potentially such unwanted side effects, it would naturally be the duty of the medical personnel / specialists-in-charge to take all the precautionary measures to safeguard the well-being of the patients for the sake of their healthcare and welfare.


The real-life examples that I have come across so far is such that for the ones relying merely upon medications and nothing else to deal with their mental disorders, they would tend to develop both emotional and psychological dependences upon such medictions over the long-term whilst getting their mental conditions deteriorated from time to time, eg, from neurosis to psychosis and then just acquire all those almost irreversibly disastrous undesirable side effects like Extrapyramidal Symptoms, Tardive Dyskinesia, Dystonia, Akathisia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Parkinsonism disorders etc from such medications in the end.


In such a connection, psychotherapy, counselling, emotional and other communication / interactive supports would be needed to complement the use of the related medications to achieve greater curative effects for such patients troubled by chronic mental disorder.


As such, medications is one thing, but the mental / cognitive abilities of the patients themselves to eventually change their views and perceptions about their environments / surroundings, circumstances and people they are facing in a more positve way, particularly developed through the help of such counselling supports from the others in order for them to really get better and gradually develop positive behavioural / personality changes, is simply another thing that cannot achieved solely with the help of medications alone.


In a nutshell, medications alone by no means can be a substitute for the positive interpersonal experiences that such patients would eventually need for genuine improvement and recovery of their sanity and the use of them should at the same time be complemented by other psychotherapy efforts to achieve the purpose of holistic healing.


Lastly, I hope that the information given above will turn out to be useful to its intended readers. Thank you.



Related References :



Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) :


http://schizophrenia.emedtv.com/extrapy ... ptoms.html


Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) :

http://schizophrenia.emedtv.com/tardive ... nesia.html


Antipsychotics :

http://schizophrenia.emedtv.com/antipsy ... otics.html

General Cognitive Behavioural Process



Well, a psychologist has actually explained to me before that any human actions / behaviours are generally dictated by a cognitive mental process summarized such as follows, and it would apply as well to the ones suffering from any mental disorders, but nevertheless are still mentally and cognitively well-aware of their surroundings and other objects / factors around them. Next, I find that such reasonings really make great senses, and hence, I just feel like to share it with the intended readers :-


Perceptions (anything we see, we hear, we know, we taste, we touch etc from our surroundings / other people) => Feelings (the way we feel about our surroundings and other people based on anything we see, hear, know, taste, touch etc) => Thoughts (the types of views and opinions that we form in our minds based on the types of feelings we have for anything we perceive) => Actions (how we choose to react in response to those surroundings / other people based on the feelings and thoughts that arise in our minds).


In such a regard, the underlying problem faced by the ones with schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and other mental disorders are such that they would tend to treat their perceptions (as mentioned above) in a very much negatively different way, and that in turn results in them forming all those negative feelings, thoughts and then all those negative actions of which others get to label them as negative behavioural / personality changes.


For example, a person suffering from schizophrenia may, after 'observing' his surroundings, (Perceptions), just in turn, for certain reasons like past traumatic experiences, anxiety disorders, panic attacks etc, would tend to spontaneously and directly feel very much uncomfortable, anxious, scared and fearful for what they get to see, hear, know, touch etc (Feelings) , and in extreme cases, maybe they may get to hear 'voices' and feel very much threatened by their surroundings then have such false and unreal imaginations of which they subconsciously choose to firmly believe in that someone out there is 'really' / 'actually' threatening his life (Thoughts or in this case, purely false hallucinations), and finally just try his very best based on his own misguided judgements, to subconsciously become violently defensive and hostile against the others in order to save himself, from being killed etc (Actions).


Similarly, such an explanation to a certain extent would apply as well to the ones having such disorders like Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Claustrophobia (a morbid fear of being closed in a confined space) etc whereby a given surrounding, which may appear normal to other people, would nevertheless and otherwise appear to be abnormally unacceptable to them possibly because of past traumatic experiences, anxiety disorders, panic attacks and other reasons. Next, the feelings and thoughts that such people would have based what they perceive for the given surrounding in turn would be largely uncontrollable, if not subconciously involuntary, while their subsequent responses/ reactions / actions based on their such negative feelings and thoughts, would in turn be very much the so-called reflex reactions which are substantially and in most cases, totally beyond their self-control.


In this regard, it would be very much helpful for the ones dealing with such persons to understand their basic underlying problems and difficulties and in turn treat them considerately and thoughtfully with care, respects and most importantly, compassion, whilst at the same time, also try to be friendly and amicable to them in such as a way that rather than feeling uncomfortable with a given surrounding and becoming agitated, these persons would on the other hand, feel more mind-easing, emotionally calm, placated, pacified, soothed, comfortable and relaxing with that given 'uneasy' / 'uncomfortable' / 'threatening' surroundings that they perceive. Subsequently, all these efforts will definitely be tremendously conducive to the improvements of the conditions of their disorders and possibly the final recovery in the end.


With all due respect, the antipsychotics and other neuroleptics just serve to temporarily block such negative nerve impulses about their such negative perceptions from getting sent to the brain of the ones having such disorders so as to artificially block all those negative feelings, thoughts, and then the actions. Hence, they are simply not a conclusive and permanent solution to such disorders.


Well, in such a context, the most direct way of treating schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in the most effective, and maybe largely hypothetical way would be for such persons to totally change their perceptions about their surroundings, environments, the other people in a positive way and to start having positive and realistic thoughts and at the same time, to get rid of those hallucinations, fanciful ideas, little by little gradually and slowly out of their mind and replace them with anything normal, practical, realistic and positive. Theorectically, positive perceptions => positive feelings =>positive thoughts => positive actions.


In this sense, a great deal of interpersonal, interactive, communications and emotional supports from the ones genuinely willing to help them would be very much essential in getting this achieved, essentially in changing the ways they perceive, feel and think for anything they deal with so as to enable them to come to a decision on their own to have positive actions.


Nonetheless, above all these external constructive helps from the others, all the self-initiatives, self-controls and self-disciplines that are meant to be exercised, essentially on the parts of the ones suffering from such a disorder, particularly to 'mentally-train' themselves to think realistically, positively, optimistically and to cast out / expel all those weird thoughts, hallucinations, fanciful imaginations and preposterous urges and whims little by little out of their minds and get them replaced with the positive, practical and realistic ones, so as to slowly develop positive behavioural changes in themselves, would in turn actually be the decisive factor in determining whether their conditions will pracitcally improve or not, slowly and gradually in the end.

Statistics of Recovery Cases For Mental Illnesses



In fact, statistical evidences actually show that among the ones getting mental illnesses, especially the serious one like Schizophrenia, generally one-third of the population of such people would eventually manage to achieve full recovery, another one-third would gain significant improvements while getting occasional relapses of such disorders, whilst the remaining rest would just get their disorders worsened day after day until no recovery is conceivably possible.


In this regard, I could tell you very frankly that the former 2/3 of the population of the ones suffering from serious mental illnesses, especially the serious one like Schizophrenia (who have either achieved full recoveries or substantial improvements), are actually the ones who have successfully overcome their own inner senses of anxieties, fears, panics, phobias and eliminated all the delusional thoughts and hallucinations all eventually by themselves, having received all the necessary external medicational and interpersonal psychotherapy helps from the others.


Lastly, what I am trying to say is that as long as there're hopes in getting improvements for one's mental disorders, one should put in the necessary efforts and work hard towards that goal of gaining more and more sanities and finally full recoveries if possible.

Further References (Please Look For Posts Made By ntuc) :


http://www.mentalhealthforum.net/forum/ ... php?t=3039

As a summary,



I'm suggesting the following as a solution to mental disorders :



1/3 of medicational helps + 1/3 of psychotherapies, interactive, interpersonal, emotional, communication, conselling supports from the others + 1/3 of self-determinations, self-initiatives, self-controls, self-wills and self-disciplines to think positively, rationally, realistically and practically as well as to lead a normal and healthy life



These are actually the advices I have obtained from many neurologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists and psychologists as well as the very conclusions I have experienced myself.



Next, I must admit that it's quite arbitrary for me to do so in the first place. However, given the fact that there are more and more people nowadays, especially the ones having the mental disorders who would tend to rely heavlily, and if not completely, but at the same time, rather ignorantly upon medications as their sole and only means of dealing with their mental disorders, hence, by assigning the numerical proportion of '1/3' to each of those 3 variables for that 'equation' I'm just trying to convey a message to the intended readers that such factors as external psychotherapies, interactive / interpersonal, emotional / moral supports from the others as well as self-controls / self-efforts to think positively, they are just fairly as important as the medications when it comes to dealing with mental disorders.



Lastly, I hope that the information given will be relevant and useful to the intended readers. Thank you.

Hallucinations / Delusions, symptoms of Schizophrenia - Brief Analysis




In fact, for the symptoms of hallucinations / delusions etc that might come along with certain mental disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder etc, well, I was actually informed by the psychiatrists and psychologists that all these hallucinations / delusions etc, 'they' are actually 'fed' on such negative feelings as fear, anger, frustrations, suspicions and all other fanciful, illogical, irrational, erratic and unreasonable senses of those suffering from such hallucinational disorders.



This is to say, the more and more, and the frequent and frequent that such people having hallucinations / delusions are to entertain / indulge / revel / be engrossed in such negative feelings of fear, anger, frustrations, suspicions and all other fanciful, illogical, irrational, erratic and unreasonable senses, and the stronger and stronger of those senses that such people suffering from schizophrenia / bipolar disorder tend to have, then the worse and worse their delusional and hallucinational conditions would tend to become / deteriorate over time.



Similarly, the same concepts and principles would fairly apply to certain mental diorders like depressions, anxieties, phobias, panic attacks etc whereby the more and more depressed, anxious, distressed, worried, dejected, panicked, desperate, emotionally impulsive, fearful (of certain things, surroundings, situations, people etc) a particular mentally-illed person can get, the more and more serious that such mental disorders would potentially deteriorate over the long-term.



So, one would really need to learn how to control oneself so as not to let their such negative senses running out of control.



In short, in dealing with such problems, just don't 'give' all these hallucinations / delusions etc what 'they' want (in these cases, that will be those negative unrealistic / irrational / wildly fanciful senses etc as described above) so as to prevent the symptoms from deteriorating from bad to worse. Whilst the same approaches would be effective for the other mental disorders too, such as the ones mentioned above.



So, the ways of overcoming these hallucinations / delusions, other mental disorders etc, on one point, would be to use certain related medications to temporarily bring such a condition under control (temporarily in the sense that medications have their limitations especially in terms of their effective curative period, whilst at the same time, such a 'temporary healing' is actually achieved through the artificial suppressing of negative nerve impulses to block all such negative feelings, thoughts - in this case, mainly the hallucinations, and finally the actions which arise from negative perceptions).



On the other hand, one's self-initiatives and self-efforts to exercise self-controls, self-disciplines, self-rationalisings, self-reasonings etc to overcome all those delusions and hallucinations would be of utmost essential in helping oneself to cope with such mental disorders.



This is to say, in order to overcome all those delusions, hallucinations etc, one would need to exercise all those self-initiatives, self-controls etc to exercise self-reasonings and self-rationalisings, so as to enable oneself to gradually and slowly think positively, rationally, realistically, reasonably, practically and sensibly, as well as, at the same time, to replace all those delusional, hallucinational thoughts, wild imaginations etc, bit by bit, with rational and reasonable thoughts and senses, just like the what the normal healthy people do.



In the meantime, one would reasonably require certain psychotherapy, emotional, interactive, interpersonal and communication supports in getting such goals achieved. In this regard, such other activities as doing sports, playing indoor games (such as chess, card games etc), engagings in one's favourite hobbies, watching comedies, reading something interesting, positively inspiring etc, would all be useful in both distracting one's mind from having delusions, hallucinations etc, whilst at the same time, subconsciously instilling into their minds all those optimistic and positive thoughts that one would need to deal with such disorders.



In short, having hallucinations, which to a certain extent might be associated with certain mental disorders, as well as the mental disorders themselves, well, they may be painful experiences to most people, however, it would take just the right treatments and other related remedial factors to achieve holistic healings for such disorders of hallucinations / delusions, other mental disorders etc.

Mental Disorders - Further Explanations




Actually, in terms of mental disorders which may come along with hallucinations / delusions, all those external aides of medications, psychotherapies, interactive, interpersonal and emotional supports etc, they are all meant for the same ultimate goal of bringing such disorders under control and there is simply no doubt for that.



Next, since it's the ones having mental disorders are the ones who are actually suffering from such illnesses, which arise from negative perceptions, negative feelings and negative thoughts formed in their own brains / minds (instead of other people's brains / minds), it would eventually necessitate they themselves to put in their very own self- efforts, having received both external medicational and interpersonal helps from the others, to exercise self-controls and self-disciplines on their own to direct their own brains for self-reasonings, self-introspections and self-rationalisings.



This is to say, for the self-cognition / thinkings psychological part of the ones having mental diorders to form those positive feelings and positive thoughts in their own minds on their very own, and then to naturally develop postitive behavioural / personality changes, such a cognitive thought / thinking process actually can hardly be 'dictated' by anyone else other than they themselves. In such connection, as to the cognitive / thinking abilities / processes of different individuals, one of the simplest examples will be the process of learning a knowledge or something else whereby a person can get the best text materials, teachers, lecturers, tutors etc to assist one in his / her learnings, however, it would still ultimately depend on the very cognitive ability / process pertaining to that particular person which is then the key decisive factor in determining whether the knowledge is successfully acquired in the end or not.



In short, those self-efforts (related to self-cognitions), in the very end, will eventually be very much essential, or rather the decisive factor in determining whether the persons having mental disorders will achieve improvements / recoveries for their mental conditions or not.



In such a connection, I would like to add that in terms of all those self-determinations, self-initiatives, self-controls, self-wills and self-disciplines to think positively, rationally, realistically and practically as well as to lead a normal and healthy life, great patience maybe would take a long way in trying to achieve that. However, once such goals are achieved, it would also mean that the people trouble with mental disorders are just achieving leaps and bounds further and further towards the ever-improving mental conditions and then to the final complete recovery of their very mental disorders in the end.



Lastly, such goals, instead of being just sheer fantasies, they are actually the very realistic ones which in fact have been achieved by lots of people, especially the ones with tremendous patience.

Mental Disorders / Mental Illnesses - Its Two General Categories : Neurosis & Psychosis - Brief Explanations




Generally, mental disorders / mental illnesses can be summarized into the two broad categories of neurosis and psychosis as explained below : -



- In the case of mental disorders / mental illnesses which mildly disturb the normal functionings of one's cognitive / thinking abilities, functions and processes (of the brains), this would give rise to behavioural problems (that affects only part of the personality), which are quite uncontrollable and involuntary. Next, such scenarios are generally labelled as neurosis. Its common examples would be depression, panic, anxiety, insecurity, irrational fears, obsessive- compulsive Disorders (OCD), hypochondria / neurasthenia etc. In this regard, such antidepressants like Prozac etc are actually meant for such mental disorders / mental illnesses. As such, please refer to the website below for further details :


http://www.answers.com/topic/neurosis

http://www.drugs.com/mtm/prozac.html



- In the very much serious cases of mental disorders / mental illnesses whereby one's cognitive / thinking abilities, functions and processes (of the brains) are severely disturbed and impaired, this would then cause the much more serious personality disorders which may involve such mentally dissociative states of delusions, hallucinations and in the worst case scenario, insanities. The most common examples would be scizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, bipolar disorder, paranoia etc - which are generally labelled as psychosis . In such a connection, such powerful tranquilizers as the antipsychotics / neuroleptics etc will usually be needed to deal with such much more serious mental disorders / mental illnesses. As such, please refer to the website below for further details :


http://www.answers.com/topic/psychosis

http://www.answers.com/topic/antipsychotic-1

Compassionate & Humane Treatments Vs Brutality & Cruelty Treatments For The Mentally-illed Ones



"I disagree. Research and you will find that most people with a mental illness was locked away."



"You may be right, nevertheless, locking such persons away, well, most of the times may just worsen their conditons for the very fact that most of such mentally-illed people might actually have experienced extreme cases of oppression, interpersonal pressures, high stress and sometimes abuses by the other persons before they actually come to develop such mental disorders."



"Next, the surroundings of a limited confined space / environment, which in many cases may just represent some form of oppressions to such people, and well, I don't think that such confined surroundings are, in any way actually conducive to the improvement of the mental conditions of such people, especially when such people are actually locked away for a long period of time, for that may actually constitute another form of extreme oppressions to such people."



"And that's why psychotherapy and other interactive / interpersonal / emotional and communications supports are important for the mental health care of such people."



Well, I have something more to add about these quotations excerpted from the prior posts.



Actually as a part-time social worker, working along with other associates and dealing mainly with the in-patients of the government-funded psychiatric / mental wards and those of the special-care nursing homes, mainly by giving them our voluntary counselling therapies, one very common scenario that me and the other associates of social workers have observed so far, and yet pervasively concealed from the others, is actually the physical abuses, maltreatments and sometimes deliberate tortures etc inflicted by the related operatives-in-charge of such psychiatric facilities onto the mentally-retarded, senile and demented psychiatric in-patients of such medical facilities, which almost invariably go entirely unreported and grossly kept off the records. And most of the times, the victims involved may include those old senile people with impaired hearings, poor visions, severe cognitive problems, parkinson's disease, alzheimers, senile dementia etc. And whenever we come across such scenarios, we would try our best to stop such physical abuses, maltreatments and deliberate tortures from happening.



For your further information, for the psychiatrists and other medical personnel-charge of these medical facilities such as what we have observed so far, they would simply tend to turn a blind eye and a deaf ear on such physical abuses, mistreatments and sometimes deliberate tortures etc which happen in their very presences.



In such a connection, all these scenarios above simply remind me of certain past events, issues and scenarios about the supposedly right and correct way in which the mentally-illed patients should be treated in order to serve their best curative and health care interests in line with the very basic humanitarian grounds.



As such, please consider the following two websites included below :


http://encarta.msn.com/media_461539711/Bedlam.html


http://encarta.msn.com/media_461539709/ ... nsane.html



Next, what I wish to say is that, along with everything that has been revealed and established in the distant past, I firmly believe that mentally-illed patients by right should be treated with greater amounts of cares, compassions, kindness, considerations and patience which are in turn geared towards the very practical purposes of the gradual step-by-step improvements of their mental conditions and recoveries of their sanities.



In this regard, brutalities, cruelties, violences, maltreatments, physical abuses, tortures and any other harsh treatments, along with all those intentional, deliberate and purposeful mockings, jeerings, ridicules, derisions, disparagings, scornfulness, sarcasms, insults, humiliations and other hurtful things which are inflicted by the others onto the mentally-illed persons, well, all these malicious acts, such as what the medical histories have undoubtedly revealed, they are in fact far more detrimental and damaging to the mentally-illed persons than the very mental disorders that these pathetic persons themselves are having at the same time.



Well, by right the society should have adopted very much more tolerant, considerate and compassionate approaches towards the ones troubled with mental disorders. This is simply for the fact that treating such mentally-illed people harshly instead of compassionately, that would only serve to make things worse for such people and at the same time, I am in the in the opinion that for those persons choosing to behave like 'bullies', who are actually so unconscionable / conscienless enough to the extent that they would actually bring themselves to purposefully do hurtful things to the mentally-illed ones, the society and community as a whole should feel ashamed of such very malicious acts of theirs.



In addition, there may be certain psychiatric in-patients who tend to behave and respond violently and aggressively to the others. And as social workers, as well as some of the psychiatrists that we work with, we simply understand that they are behaving so substantially, if not totally out of their own free will owing to the overwhelming psychotic influnces of the mental disorders that 'force' them to behave so. However, this is barely and hardly a valid ground for these mentally-illed people to be alienated and denied of any compassions and right treatments that they deserve from the psychiatrists and other related personnel. For your information, whenever we come across such patients, we would always try our best to calm them down at first, and then do our best to get their personal trusts and confidence so that we could go about influencing them in positive and sensible ways later on.



In a nutshell, mentally-illed people, despite the fact that they are mentally-abnormal compared to the perfectly healthy individuals, they are after all human beings just like anyone else. And as such, they would naturally deserve the basic human rights, due respects, cares, compassions and patiences they need from the others for the gradual and step-by-step improvements of their mental conditions , and it is beyond any doubts that such a principle is at least justified on humanitarian grounds.



In this regard, for the brutalities, cruelties, maltreatments, phsycial abuses, deliberate humiliations, derisions, ridicules, disparagings and other purposeful malicious acts administered, or rather inflicted deliberately upon the mentally-illed ones, the society and community as a whole should, by obligations of humanities, put a stop on such heinous, sinister, outrageous atrocities and monstrosities which have been victimizing the mentally-illed ones over the centuries pervasively, ubiquitously, and yet almost totally concealedly.



So, God help us !

Brutalities, Cruelties, Maltreatments, Phsycial Abuses, Deliberate Humiliations, Derisions, Ridicules, Disparagings And Other Purposeful Malicious Acts Administered, Or Rather Inflicted Deliberately Upon The Mentally-illed Ones




Well, at the same time,



I would like to add that in terms of all those brutalities, cruelties, maltreatments, phsycial abuses, deliberate humiliations, derisions, ridicules, disparagings and other purposeful malicious acts administered, or rather inflicted deliberately upon the mentally-illed ones especially at the hands of all those ill-trained and yet official paramedics, those are exactly the main obstacles and communication barriers that we as social workers often encounter when we try to reach out to and win the trusts and confidences, especially from the institutionalized mentally-illed people. This is due to the very fact that these mentally-illed people would often tend to 'liken' us to all those persons who always do hurtful things to them and as a result, they simply would choose not to co-operate with us in the very first place.



Whilst the key difference is that, when all those 'official medical personnel' who do hurtful things to these mentally-illed in-patients are actually get paid by the hospital administrations, we as social workers providing only unpaid voluntary counselling services to these mentally-illed people, actually need to 'take care of the mess' as well that are left over by all those inconsiderate, or rather inhumane, if not, barbaric 'uniformed medical personnel' working in such medical institutions. And as a matter of fact, sometimes these 'uniformed medical personnel' would simply 'display' their dirty looks and intense urges of 'bashing us up' too especially when we come to advise these people not to use especially unnecessary physical violences and abuses against the old senile demented mentally-illed in-patients who are simply unable to 'obey their orders'.

What I wish to say is that Mentally-illed people aren't sub-humans / playthings / livestocks / garbages / craps etc




As a matter of fact, the information that I have included in my prior posts are actually the naked truths, or rather the harsh facts of reality which are ubiquitously pervasive, and such malpractices exist as well in the developed nations, and there's simply no way for these realities to be obliterated.



In such a connection, I have learnt about the similar, almost totally-concealed malpractices from my counterparts serving in the other European, African and U.S and other nations worldwide too.



Next, all these atrocities are actually hardly deniable by any truly conscionable persons, and I strongly believe that you will echo our sentiments.



Lastly, what I wish to say is that the mentally-illed people aren't sub-humans / playthings / livestocks / garbages / craps etc, and as such, they would, at least on humanitarian grounds, rightfully deserve the due respects of human rights and other human-related freedoms and privileges and compassions from the others too, rather than being treated with cruelties, brutalities, physical abuses, sarcasms, callouness and other deliberate, and maybe amusement-inducing harsh treatments especially at the hands of the ones who are officially paid to take good care of their welfares and personal well-beings.



And again, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to you all for supporting such a humanitarian cause.

Compassionate & Humane Treatments For The Mentally-ill People - Follow-up




Included below are some classic paintings advocating compassionate and humane treatments (in contrast to deliberate physical abuses, brutalities, maltreatments, tortures, cruelties, ridicules, derisions, disparagings, mockings, humiliations, and other forms of subtle purposeful malicious acts) for the mentally-ill people who are totally unable to defend and protect themselves at all :



The engraving of the eighth print of William Hogarth's A Rake's Progress depicting Inmates at Bedlam Asylum :



The Hospital of Saint Mary of Bethlehem, a London mental hospital commonly known as Bedlam, sold admission tickets to the public in the 18th century, becoming a popular tourist attraction. In this engraving by English artist William Hogarth, part of his series A Rake’s Progress (1735), two women (seen in the background) tour the hospital, watching the mentally ill patients for their amusement. The hospital became notorious for its miserable conditions and cruel treatment of patients.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ress_8.jpg



Dr. Philippe Pinel at the Salpêtrière, 1795 by Robert Fleury. Pinel ordering the removal of chains from patients at the Paris Asylum for insane women


French physician Philippe Pinel supervises the unchaining of mentally ill patients in 1794 at La Salpêtrière, a large hospital in Paris. Pinel believed in treating mentally ill people with compassion and patience, rather than with cruelty and violence. This painting, Pinel Frees the Insane from Their Chains, was completed by French artist Tony Robert-Fleury in 1876.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/de/Pinel.jpg



Further Related Information :


http://www.curezone.com/Forums/fm.asp?i=1419521#i

Additional Information About Modern And Outdated Medications For Mental Disorders



Besides, I would like to add that as far as the harmful and nearly unavoidable muscle spasms (involuntary restless bodily / muscular movements such as rapid purposeless uncontrollable eye-blinking / eyelid-twitching, Hemifacial Spasms, Tardive Dyskinesia, Dystonia etc) and other neurological disorders arising from the harmful neuromuscular / neurological / neuro-degenerative side effects of certain medications are concerned, there have been in fact a great variety of other far better medications with greater curative effects and far lesser harmful side effects getting invented from time to time nowadays by the modern medical science in order to overcome this problem.



Nevertheless, the usual current practice of most medical practitioners nowadays are such that they would prefer to prescribe and dispense the inferior and outdated medications to their patients owing to the far lower costs of these medications, and hence the health cares of the patients are getting unfairly exploited and jeopardized in such a scenario.



For an instance, the medication called chlorpromazine is actually one of the examples of the longly outdated first-generation antipsychotic medications that has long been superseded by the other far better second and third-generation antipsychotics ever since decades ago. However, such inferior and outdated medications are still the commonly preferred choices for prescriptions and dispensing of most medical practitioners nowadays.



Examples of First-generation antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia :


http://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/firs ... izophrenia



In such a connection, please refer to the website as follows for some overviews of all these first, second and third-generation antipsychotics.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipsychotics




Other Related Information :


Other Ugly Truths About Cost-cutting Policy of The Public Psychiatric Medical Facility


http://curezone.com/forums/fm.asp?i=1422662#i

Mental Disorders : Brief Analysis and Summary



Actually, one thing to take note here is that the chemical imbalance in the brain (especially mood-regulator, Serotonin) leading to the mental disorder is actually caused by disturbances to one's mood in the very first place that might arise as a result of various emotionally unpleasant / unacceptable factors, scenarios, events, persons, surroundings, etc that are considered upsetting, distressing and even traumatic to certain people (resulting thus in disturbances to the normal functionings of neurotransmitter chemical, Serotonin and then such chemical imbalance in the brain). All in all, the question as to whether a person facing or confronting with such emotionally unpleasant / unacceptable factors, scenarios, events, persons, surroundings, etc will eventually suffer from mental disorder or not, that would largely and mostly depend on how good or how bad one is able to tolerate, put up and adapt oneself to all such emotionally unpleasant / unacceptable adversities without getting emotionally disturbed in the end.



Next, for drugs such as anti-depressants and anti-anxieties (for neurosis - less serious mental disorder) and antipsychotics / neuroleptics (for psychosis- more serious mental disorder characterized by serious hallucinations, and in fact, the powerful mind-altering agents), they are in fact a simplified way of chemical solution to various mental disorders.



In such a connection, their chemical mechanism is such that they would serve to artificially block the negative nerve impulses (negative thoughts, feelings, emotions etc) from getting sent to the brain, and thus temporarily stop a person from getting upset, distressed, depressed etc throughout the effective period of the each drug dosage (that may last for mere hours). In the process of doing so and given the fact that the entire mechanism is purely artificial by drug interception rather than natural, the synaptic activities of the neurons and the neurotrasmitters chemicals especially Serotonin and Dopamine (the neurotransmitter chemical responsible for human bodily movements) etc of the nervous systems would unavoidably be interferred and antagonized in the end.



Subsequently, such a phenomenon would then eventually lead to certain neurological / neuromuscular and in the worst case scenario, the neuro-degenerative symptoms getting developed as the side effects of these drugs for mental disorders. And hence, modern medical science actually tries to overcome such these problems by inventing the more and more advanced versions of the newer and better drugs with ever-decreasing harmful side effects from time to time for the sake of the health cares and well-beings of the ones using them.



At the same time, another thing to take note as well is such that since the human bodies would gradually develop tolerances for any medications, including the ones for mental disorders, and especially the ones that are fed to them repeatedly over the long-term, such medications for mental disorders would hence become addictive themselves whereby larger and larger dosages would gradually be required from time to time to achieve the similar therapeutical effects, and then eventually, they would lose their intended artificial curative effects particularly when they are over-relied upon to the point of sheer abuse whilst no other non-medicational efforts are taken to deal with such mental disorders.



As such, given the ultimately inevitable risks of side effects of such drugs, my opinions are such that the more practical and realistic solution to mental disorders is such that whilst taking the related drugs to curb and bring down the uncontrollable symptoms of mental disorders, such as feelings of deep depressions, deep hallucinations, violent emotional outbursts etc, as well as making the necessary efforts to benefit oneself to the best possible extent from the newer and better drugs with ever-decreasing harmful neurological side effects for such mental disorders which are invented from time to time by the modern medical science, such medications should be used wisely with all the precautionary measures. Whilst at the same time, other non-medicational efforts of emotional and communication supports from the others etc to cheer and brighten up one's mood and spirit as well as the related self-control efforts (to control one's mood and tempers) should thus also be taken at the same time to deal with such mental disorders more effectively towards the goals of gradual improvements as well as final and full recoveries.

Mental Disorders / Cognitive Behavioural Process - Perceptions => Feelings => Thoughts => Behavioural / Personality Changes / Reactions / Actions / Responses



Actually, given the underlying fact that mental disorders are actually something that arise from such psychological and cognitive factors of how one perceives one's surroundings etc, the feelings they have in response to those perceptions, then the various thoughts they form in their minds based on such perceptions and feelings for anything they perceive, and finally, how they choose to react to such perceptions, feelings and thoughts, they are thus very much different from the other physiological / bodily / metabolism-related somatic diseases like diabetes, heart attacks, kidney failures etc.


In short, mental illnesses which are defined by one's behavioural / personality changes, appropriateness of their behaviours, personalities, actions, reactions, responses as perceived and judged by the others, who in turn would label them as a variety of related mental disorder symptoms, they are actually caused by the various negative, abnormal, preposterous thoughts and various urges which are formed in one's mind in response to what they see, sense and feel about their surroundings etc.


As such, in addition to the medicational efforts put in to bring the hardly controllable symptoms of mental disorders such as deep feelings of depressions, nervous breakdown, violent emotional outbursts etc effectively under control temporarily throughout the effective period of each dosage of the medications, such non-medicational efforts of psychotherapy, seeking emotional and psychological comforts as well as interactive, interpersonal, communication supports from the ones close to such people would also be quite indispensable in dealing with various mental disorders.


Apart from that, given that negative behavioural changes caused by mental disorders are actually caused by such negative feelings and negative thoughts formed by negative sensory perceptions of anything around one's surroundings, one should thus try to control oneself when coming across and dealing with all those scenarios so as to try one's best not to have too strong emotional attachment / feelings for all those negative surroundings etc as well as try not to over-react to them. In short, one should apply one's reasonable senses and judgements and rationalities when dealing with anything unpleasant to them.


Theorectically, since one's reactions / responses / behaviourial changes actually arise from one's thoughts, such negative / socially undesirable and unacceptable reactions / responses / behavioural changes would thus not occur at all if one could choose to ignore all those unpleasant phenomena totally so as not to form any negative thoughts in their minds at all, and then, one's mind would stay completely calm, placid, totally undisturbed and not influenced at all by anything distasteful and unpleasant happening to / around them. In short, when no negative thoughts are formed, then no negative actions / reactions / responses would be initiated at all. However, that would sound to be easier said than done and a great deal of patience and perseverance would surely be necessary to achieve that.



As a summary,


I'm suggesting the following as a solution to mental disorders :


1/3 of medicational helps + 1/3 of psychotherapies, interactive, interpersonal, emotional, communication, conselling supports from the others + 1/3 of self-determinations, self-initiatives, self-controls, self-wills and self-disciplines to think positively, rationally, realistically and practically as well as to lead a normal and healthy life


These are actually the advices I have obtained from many neurologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists and psychologists as well as the very conclusions I have experienced myself.


Next, I must admit that it's quite arbitrary for me to do so in the first place. However, given the fact that there are more and more people nowadays, especially the ones having the mental disorders who would tend to rely heavlily, and if not completely, but at the same time, rather ignorantly upon medications as their sole and only means of dealing with their mental disorders, hence, by assigning the numerical proportion of '1/3' to each of those 3 variables for that 'equation' I'm just trying to convey a message to the intended readers that such factors as external psychotherapies, interactive / interpersonal, emotional / moral supports from the others as well as self-controls / self-efforts to think positively, they are just fairly as important as the medications when it comes to dealing with mental disorders.