Myelin Peptide-Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines

[Petr75]

2021 Dec 8
Drug Discovery Laboratory, NewfvDrug, Greece
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
Myelin Peptide-Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34960201/

Abstract

Myelin peptide-mannan conjugates have been shown to be potential vaccines in the immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis. The conjugates are comprised from the epitope peptide and the polysaccharide mannan which transfers as a carrier the antigenic peptide to dendritic cells that process and present antigenic peptides at their surface in complex with MHC class I or class II resulting in T-cell stimulation. The conjugation of antigenic peptide with mannan occurs through the linker (Lys-Gly)5, which connects the peptide with the oxidized mannose units of mannan. This study describes novel methods for the quantification of the vaccine ingredient peptide within the conjugate, a prerequisite for approval of clinical trials in the pursuit of multiple sclerosis therapeutics. Myelin peptides, such as MOG35-55, MBP83-99, and PLP131-145 in linear or cyclic form, as altered peptide ligands or conjugated to appropriate carriers, possess immunomodulatory properties in experimental models and are potential candidates for clinical trials.

[Scott1]

This abstract makes no sense to me. Vaccinate against what and what basis?

[NHE]

This abstract makes no sense to me. Vaccinate against what and what basis?

The full paper is freely available.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8708491/

From the paper’s introduction, the goal of the vaccines appears to be to increase tolerance and shift the T-cell response from Th1 to Th2.

[Scott1]

Ok. The article makes more sense.
In essence, they deliver a carbohydrate, isolated from wheat, to one of the myelin proteins. This is then presented to a dendritic cell which instructs a T cell. The new protein stimulates toll like receptor 4 so the T cell then follows a non inflammatory pathway rather than an inflammatory one. They argue it should work as a similar process has been successfully followed for some anti-cancer treatments.
The approach is interesting because it addresses the issue of why the CD4+ T cells in MS are autoreactive and aggressive by focussing on dendritic cells.
If it worked it would kiss goodnight to T and B cell therapies.
Obviously a very long way to go yet.
Thanks for the whole article.