Using Carbon14 the researchers can calculate the age of different cells (oligodendrocytes are myelin producing cells and OPC are oligodendrocyte precursor cells). They have reached some conclusions:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0388-4
* About Normal appearing white matter (NAWM), which are fully myelinated regions previously thought to be unaffected by MS, oligodendrocytes were present in normal numbers, but a couple of normal clusters of mature cells were nearly absent, showing that the present cells were born after the MS damage.
* Surviving mature oligodendrocytes contribute to remyelination. In animal models instead remyelination is made by newly born Oligodendrocytes, generated from newly recruited OPCs.
* Oligodendrocytes that appear morphologically normal in individuals affected by MS are affected by disease and are in an altered state.
* The pathology of MS lesions may be the tip of the iceberg of all cellular changes ongoing in the MS brain as a whole
* Oligodendrocytes in white matter from healthy individuals are as old as neurons. In MS, there is a much larger fraction of recently generated OPCs and oligodendrocytes than in unaffected individuals
* Oligodendocytes in shadow plaques, lesions thought to exhibit incomplete myelin repair, are as old as the patient and therefore could not have been generated from newly recruited OPCs.
Age of cells populations in MS
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