Microglial activation is accompanied by diffuse axonal loss in multiple sclerosis: in vivo evidence by multimodal 11C-PBR28 MR-PET and multi-shell diffusion imaging
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Discussion and Conclusion:
We found evidence of diffuse neuroinflammation and microstructural abnormalities with decreased axonal density in the NAWM of a small MS cohort. Charmed FR estimation was more sensitive than AD in detecting axonal damage.
The lack of a direct correlation between 11C-PBR28 uptake and diffusion indices could indicate a multifactorial pathogenesis for axonal degeneration not necessarily linked to inflammatory demyelination.
Future studies will investigate whether neuroinflammation could be directly related to axonal pathology in selective NAWM regions or in specific disease stages.
multifactorial pathogenesis not necessarily linked to inflammatory demyelination
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