Soluble factors in CSF

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frodo
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Soluble factors in CSF

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http://m.perspectivesinmedicine.cshlp.o ... 8936.short

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which gives rise to focal lesions in the gray and white matter and to diffuse neurodegeneration in the entire brain.

In this review, the spectrum of MS lesions and their relation to the inflammatory process is described. Pathology suggests that inflammation drives tissue injury at all stages of the disease.

Focal inflammatory infiltrates in the meninges and the perivascular spaces appear to produce soluble factors, which induce demyelination or neurodegeneration either directly or indirectly through microglia activation. The nature of these soluble factors, which are responsible for demyelinating activity in sera and cerebrospinal fluid of the patients, is currently undefined.

Demyelination and neurodegeneration is finally accomplished by oxidative injury and mitochondrial damage leading to a state of “virtual hypoxia.”
Last edited by frodo on Thu Feb 01, 2024 4:58 am, edited 2 times in total.
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frodo
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Again "soluble factors"

Post by frodo »

White matter paramagnetic rim and non-rim lesions share a periventricular gradient in multiple sclerosis

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10 ... 5231224681

Background:

Paramagnetic rim white matter (WM) lesions (PRL) are thought to be a main driver of non-relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. It is unknown whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-soluble factors diffusing from the ventricles contribute to PRL formation.

Objective:

To investigate the distribution of PRL and non-rim brain WM lesions as a function of distance from ventricular CSF, their relationship with cortical lesions, the contribution of lesion phenotype, and localization to neurological disability.

Methods:

Lesion count and volume of PRL, non-rim WM, leukocortical lesion (LCL), and subpial/intracortical lesions were obtained at 7-T. The brain WM was divided into 1-mm-thick concentric rings radiating from the ventricles to extract PRL and non-rim WM lesion volume from each ring.

Results:

In total, 61 MS patients with ⩾1 PRL were included in the study. Both PRL and non-rim WM lesion volumes were the highest in the periventricular WM and declined with increasing distance from ventricles. A CSF distance-independent association was found between non-rim WM lesions, PRL, and LCL, but not subpial/intracortical lesions. Periventricular non-rim WM lesion volume was the strongest predictor of neurological disability.

Conclusions:

Non-rim and PRL share a gradient of distribution from the ventricles toward the cortex, suggesting that CSF proximity equally impacts the prevalence of both lesion phenotypes.
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