http://www.townsendletter.com/Klenner/klenner7.htm
item 2 i can't find in any format other than citation:
Rosenberg, L.E.:
Vitamin Deficiency Diseases and the Vitamin Dependent Diseases with Reference to B and D., National Health Federation Bulletin Vol XVIII
item 3 - another klenner protocol reference (old science again amusing):
TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS WITH NICOTINIC ACID AND VITAMIN B1 - PRELIMINARY REPORT (1940)
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamain ... act/545332
"SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Five cases of advanced multiple sclerosis in which many forms of treatment had been used without appreciably halting the progress of the disease and in which the patients were treated with nicotinic acid and vitamin B± are reported. Nicotinic acid produces vasodilatation not only of the skin but also of the brain and spinal cord. Nicotinic acid and vitamin B1 (thiamin chloride) may be given parenterally in considerable doses (nicotinic acid, 120 mg. ; thiamin chloride, 33.2 mg.) for prolonged periods without apparent harmful effects. Subjective and objective evidence of continued improvement has followed the parenteral use of nicotinic acid and vitamin B1 in the cases of multiple sclerosis here reported.
DISCUSSION
Dr. J. C. Yaskin : Several thoughts occur in connection with a presentation of this sort. First, there are two diseases treatment of which is notoriously difficult to evaluate—Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. Second, one knows that multiple sclerosis does have remissions, even when well advanced. Third, a great many patients with multiple sclerosis are easily influenced by suggestion ; especially is this true of Dr. Moore's second patient, whom, I believe, I saw in the Orthopaedic Hospital. Fourth, some have been using vitamin Bi in treatment of multiple sclerosis. As a matter of fact, the routine is, when possible, to give fever therapy with the hope that the disease is of virus origin and that some of the organisms may be killed. After this, quinine, liver, liver extract and wine are given when the patients can afford these agents, and I can assure Dr. Moore that a number of patients have shown considerable improvement when they have taken vitamin Bi and liver. Last, although Dr. Moore had 1 patient under his observation only a few months, it is a year from the time of beginning the treatment. Although it is difficult to evaluate results, all in all, any one who can suggest something useful in the treatment of multiple sclerosis deserves a great deal of credit.
Dr. Michael Scott : I was much interested in Dr. Moore's experimental work with nicotinic acid. It was given to 1 patient at Temple University Hospital while on the operating table, and the exposed brain was observed. I did not see any change; however, that was in only 1 case, and only part of the temporal lobe was exposed.
Dr. A. SiLVERSTEiN : Dr. Moore's second patient, I think, went the rounds of every neurologist in Philadelphia. I saw him years ago; he had early signs of multiple sclerosis, but there was such a marked psychogenic overlay that the question of hysteria was considered. He was highly suggestible, and still is. He is now at the Philadelphia Home for Incurables, and is absolutely disabled. If one asks him how he is getting along, he says : "I feel fine, as long as I get that injection in me." On the day on which he does not receive an injection he feels sick. I have never seen the man stand. He still has severe spasticity; it all depends on what one means by making a person better. As far as he is concerned, he is disabled. Aside from the upper extremities, he is a cripple. I have seen 4 patients who have objected rather strenuously to this treatment.
Dr. A. Ornsteen : Does Dr. Moore think that the response is due entirely to vasodilatation, to the exclusion of the replacement therapy of avitaminoses?
Dr. Matthew T. Moore : I realize fully that in bringing forth any new form of therapy of multiple sclerosis I am embarking on a stormy sea. However, any method or procedure that promises the slightest step forward in treatment of this particularly distressing disease will be of value.
As regards remissions in multiple sclerosis : Many patients do show remissions, but the recent article by Brown and Putnam (Remissions in Multiple Sclerosis, Arch. Nettrol. & Psychiat. 41:913 [May] 1939) showed clearly, I believe, the statistical evidence regarding remissions and the type of cases in which the remissions occur. They stated that in cases in which the lesions are small, producing such symptoms as diplopia, the probability of remissions is greater and the duration of the remission longer ; in cases in which the lesions are large, producing paraplegias and advanced pathologic reflexes, the hope of remission is slight. The part played by suggestion I have, of course, taken into consideration. Any patient with a distressing disease, such as multiple sclerosis, in which the outlook is hopeless is always amenable to wishful thinking, to any
hope that can be held out to him, and therefore is highly suggestible. As I indicated by the lantern slide illustrations, nicotinic acid was used because I believe that if hyperemia similar to that in the skin could be brought about in the nervous system one could dispense with fever therapy and its deleterious effects on nerve tissue. Bennett, Hartman and others have shown that definite pathologic changes may occur in the brain and spinal cord as the result of fever therapy.
The statement that multiple sclerosis may be of virus origin is open to serious question. Pathologically, it is a degenerative disease from the start. As regards the end results in this series : I have been using this therapy for a year and three months in 2 cases and for a year in the remaining 3 cases ; in the first 2 cases the improvement has been encouraging, despite the advanced stage of the disease in both.
In reply to Dr. Scott regarding the appearance of the brain after the injection of nicotinic acid : The "pinking" of the cerebral cortex is more or less determined by the dose of nicotinic acid. In man, unless 60 mg. of nicotinic acid is given as a minimum dose, there may not be any appreciable response.
None of the patients noted a favorable response in less than a week. The spasticity never decreased immediately. The diminution in spasticity was of a subjective character first. There was diminution in spasticity that could be observed objectively later; that this was not due to suggestion was simply shown in case 1 and in case 5, which I did not describe, that of a man who was absolutely bedridden and had not been able to move his body or lower limbs for six months. In two weeks he was able to move his toes, and in three months to undress himself.
As regards the mental reaction of the second patient, mentioned by Dr. Silverstein, it is true he was suggestible. This man had the most advanced multiple sclerosis I have seen, with pronounced spasticity—so extreme that I was afraid he had a tumor of the cord extending upward into the foramen magnum : however, careful studies eliminated this possibility. This patient was admitted with extreme spasticity and crossing of the legs. He can now uncross his legs voluntarily and is able to move in bed, which he formerly could not do.
As to Dr. Ornsteen's question regarding vasodilatation versus replacement therapy: I have used nicotinic acid on the basis of the effects of vasodilatation, increased oxidation and improved nutrition, which appear concomitantly with increased blood flow in the nervous system. As far as the replacement therapy is concerned, one knows that vitamin Bi unquestionably plays a role in the degenerative neuropathies ; for that reason, the two drugs were used simultaneously to obtain a complementary effect."