01 November 2022
nature.com
Evidence of air pollution-related ocular signs and altered inflammatory cytokine profile of the ocular surface in Beijing
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23294-7
Abstract
We evaluated how different degrees of air pollution affect the ocular surface of a cohort of human subjects in Beijing by correlating in-patient test outcomes with tear cytokines. A cross-sectional study involving 221 volunteers was carried out in different districts of Beijing. Air pollution indices were recorded for 7 d (including the visit day). The indices recorded were the air quality index (AQI), which is a dimensionless measure that quantitatively describes the state of air quality, concentrations of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and 10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)...
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This study is the first many-sided study of the effects of air pollution on ocular surface-related inflammation, symptoms and signs.
Numerous studies both in vivo and in vitro have demonstrated the upregulation of cytokines on the ocular surface after exposure to air pollution.
found that human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells incubated with diesel exhaust particles showed cytotoxicity and an inflammatory response mediated by the cytokine IL-6
Activation of inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress are considered potential mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ocular surface diseases after air pollution exposure
The IL-6 concentration was positively correlated with the AQI, PM2.5, PM10 and NO 2 concentrations and negatively correlated with the concentrations of O 3
Goblet-cell density was positively correlated with AQI, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 concentrations and negatively correlated with O 3 concentrations.
A significant difference in the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines between the two groups was observed, also demonstrating that increasing air pollution degrees can cause ocular inflammatory reactions, which leads to significantly elevated tear cytokines.
Lee (52) reported increased concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and interferon gamma in a murine model exposed to ozone chambers for one or two weeks.
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1. 1. 2014 —
We proposed here that the exploration of tears from multiple sclerosis patients could lead to the discovery of new biomarkers. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10. ... .201300053