Circadian rhythms
Posted: Sat Dec 21, 2019 12:31 pm
2019 Dec 14
Centre for Biogical Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Circadian rhythms in adaptive immunity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31837013
Abstract
The circadian clock provides organisms with the ability to track time of day, allowing them to predict and respond to cyclical changes in the external environment. In mammals this clock consists of multiple auto-regulatory feedback loops generated by a network of circadian clock proteins. This network provides the fundamental basis for rhythms in behaviour and physiology. This clockwork manchinery exists in most cells, including those of the immune system. In recent years evidence has emerged highlighting the important role of molecular clocks in dictating the response of immune pathways. While initial work highlighted the effect of the clock in the 'first line of defence', the innate immune system, it has become increasingly apparent that it also plays a role in the more tailored, later stage adaptive immune response. This review provides an overview of the role of the circadian cycle in the adaptive immune response. We interrogate the depth of knowledge on cell intrinsic clocks within adaptive immune cells and how these cells may be temporally directed by extrinsic rhythmic signals. We discuss the role of the circadian clock in diseases associated with adaptive immunity such as multiple sclerosis, asthma, and parasitic infection. We also discuss the current knowledge on timing of vaccination, and implications this may have on how we can harness and modulate temporal gating of the adaptive immune response in a clinical setting.
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Centre for Biogical Timing, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Circadian rhythms in adaptive immunity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31837013
Abstract
The circadian clock provides organisms with the ability to track time of day, allowing them to predict and respond to cyclical changes in the external environment. In mammals this clock consists of multiple auto-regulatory feedback loops generated by a network of circadian clock proteins. This network provides the fundamental basis for rhythms in behaviour and physiology. This clockwork manchinery exists in most cells, including those of the immune system. In recent years evidence has emerged highlighting the important role of molecular clocks in dictating the response of immune pathways. While initial work highlighted the effect of the clock in the 'first line of defence', the innate immune system, it has become increasingly apparent that it also plays a role in the more tailored, later stage adaptive immune response. This review provides an overview of the role of the circadian cycle in the adaptive immune response. We interrogate the depth of knowledge on cell intrinsic clocks within adaptive immune cells and how these cells may be temporally directed by extrinsic rhythmic signals. We discuss the role of the circadian clock in diseases associated with adaptive immunity such as multiple sclerosis, asthma, and parasitic infection. We also discuss the current knowledge on timing of vaccination, and implications this may have on how we can harness and modulate temporal gating of the adaptive immune response in a clinical setting.
Free full text