Bosentan and chemical CCSVI
Posted: Fri May 08, 2020 3:48 am
Perfusion in MS is important independently from the CCSVI theory. This paper speaks about using a drug (Bosentan) for improving brain perfusion.
https://multiple-sclerosis-research.org ... tarved-ms/
There is mounting evidence that the brain blood supply is affected in MS.
Perfusion MRI studies have found that blood flow is globally impaired in the normal appearing brain of both relapsing and progressive forms of MS. Interestingly, there appears to be an association between this and cognitive (memory and intelligence) dysfunction in MS.
In animal models, chronic hypoperfusion of the brain appears to lead to energy failure in the mitochondrion (the power house of every cell) through oxygen starvation, releasing free radicals and finally resulting in axonal degeneration.
This theory is further backed up by the fact that there is a predilection for MS lesions in the anterior and occipital horns of the lateral ventricles, in the so-called watershed regions of the arterial circulation susceptible to hypoperfusion (see figure below).
Energy failure caused by mitochondrial dysfunction is therefore thought to be a major contributor in axonal degeneration in MS. N-acetylaspartate or NAA synthesized in the mitochondria, is both a marker of neuro-axonal mitochondrial function and integrity. Studies looking at NAA in normal appearing brain tissue in MS have found that NAA is more likely to be reduced in progressive MS compared to RRMS and those without MS.
https://multiple-sclerosis-research.org ... tarved-ms/
There is mounting evidence that the brain blood supply is affected in MS.
Perfusion MRI studies have found that blood flow is globally impaired in the normal appearing brain of both relapsing and progressive forms of MS. Interestingly, there appears to be an association between this and cognitive (memory and intelligence) dysfunction in MS.
In animal models, chronic hypoperfusion of the brain appears to lead to energy failure in the mitochondrion (the power house of every cell) through oxygen starvation, releasing free radicals and finally resulting in axonal degeneration.
This theory is further backed up by the fact that there is a predilection for MS lesions in the anterior and occipital horns of the lateral ventricles, in the so-called watershed regions of the arterial circulation susceptible to hypoperfusion (see figure below).
Energy failure caused by mitochondrial dysfunction is therefore thought to be a major contributor in axonal degeneration in MS. N-acetylaspartate or NAA synthesized in the mitochondria, is both a marker of neuro-axonal mitochondrial function and integrity. Studies looking at NAA in normal appearing brain tissue in MS have found that NAA is more likely to be reduced in progressive MS compared to RRMS and those without MS.