Dr. Code(naturopth) is giving a lecture in Sept here and I'm planning on attending. I was wondering if anyone here is trying this????
Emu Oil Research
MS and Emu Oil
Fatty Acids and MS
Fatty Acids and MS - Friend or Foe?
Submitted by William Code, M.D., FRCPC
Fat and nutrition have been hot topics during the 1980's and 1990's. Dr. Swank's low fat diet has been recommended to slow the progression of multiple sclerosis. Barb Aldritt's article in the last MSBC newsletter outlined how AI Bryant has had stunning improvement of his severe MS after several weeks of ostrich oil for skin application. Evening primrose oil has long been touted to help people with multiple sclerosis.
Now, after twenty plus years of "Low fat" or 'No fat" foods, multiple sclerosis affected people are in a quandary, a muddle or both. I have been interested in fatty acids ever since spending two years (1986-88) researching how anesthetics work on the brain. The majority of the brain is made up of fat so the term fathead is not unreasonable for any of us.
Every body cell has a lipid (fatty acid based) bilayer around it. If infants do not receive enough essential fatty acids in their flrst year, they will not develop to their full potential. Much of this research was done by Dr. T. Clandinnin in Edmonton. Now, most infant formulas have essential fatty acids added to them - most of the change occurring in the 1990's. In this article, I will try to explain the seeming contradiction about fats.
Firstly, nutritionists have found that all humans need a dietary source of at least two fatty acids. These two "essential fatty acids" are alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3) and linoleic acid (omega-6). These two fats are definitely healthy fats. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids eaten must be in balance or a suggested ratio with one another.
The movie "Lorenzo's Oil" helps give an understanding of the balance or "teeter-totter" system of this body need for most animals. Too much or an increase of one fatty acid (omega-3 or omega-6) leads to an increased need of the other. Hence, a diet high in most vegetable oils available today can reduce one's total degree of health or wellness. Most often this is an increase of omega-6 without a corresponding increase of omega-3.
Each of our two essential fatty acids form an important building block of two important body pathways. One of these is clotting or non-clotting of the blood. For example, an excess of omega-6 without enough omega-3 will increase your risk of heart attack and stroke. Hence, many people will decrease their heart and stroke risk by increasing their omega-3 intake. Common ways of doing this are eating more flax oil, walnut oil or some fish oils.
The second important body pathway is the two streams of inflammatory agents, i.e. prostaglandin formation. Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids each head up or start the formation of our bodies' inflammatory troops or ''fighters". An imbalance between omega-3 and omega-6 can definitely increase several inflammatory responses. Examples include the auto-immune diseases of rheumatoid arthritis (attacking joint linings), multiple sclerosis (attacking myelin in the brain and spinal cord), maturity onset diabetes mellitus (pancreas inflammation) and even atherosclerosis (inflammation of the blood vessel walls).
Author Udo Erasmus' Fats that Heal Fats that Kill discusses this in fairly understandable language. A more detailed and recent work Essential Fatty Acids in Health and Diseases by Edward N. Siguel M.D., Ph.D., discusses this further. His subtitle is "What the Government FDA and USDA failed to tell you about Essential and Trans fatty acids.
A brief explanation of the different fatty acids processed by humans will help put the alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3) and linoleic acid (omega-6) in perspective. Both alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid can be modified by the body at the start of two prostaglandin (inflammatory) pathways. If we are short of either, then the other pathway will dominate. This domination can produce inflammation in excess, eg. acting on our myelinated nerves. Whereas we only need the above two, some of us are short of the converting enzymes to optimize their function.
A prime example is gamma-linolenic acid (gla). It is made from linoleic acid (the omega-6 starter). The individuals who lack the enzyme needed to change linoleic acid to gla are likely to improve their fatty acid balance with foods high in gla (i.e. gamalinolenic acid, not alpha-linolenic acid, which is the building block of the omega3 pathway). Evening primrose oil, borage oil and black currant oil are sources of gla.
Fatty acids further along each pathway are typically present in nature in fish oils such as salmon, mackerel, rainbow trout and sardines. However, most of us can make these derivatives if we have enough building blocks. The above and vitamin D (made from skin exposed to sunlight only during four summer months) may explain why our cod liver oil supplements as children might have been quite useful.
Finally, any fatty acid supplements (plant or animal sources) from cooler climates such as Canada will contain greater amounts of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Large amounts of these PUFAs are also found in cold water fish as each species needs more PUFAs for body liquid flow - a bit like antifreeze.
I met a fellow at an oil chemist meeting in Seattle who makes his living buying Canadian flax because of its higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids and selling it to the USA health food stores. Finally, we are all somewhat unique in our own fatty acid metabolism. This suggests trial and error for each of us - starting simple with the building blocks for 2-3 months. Fortunately, there is little harm from this approach and there may be a great deal of benefit from reducing our bad fat intake and increasing our good fat intake.
I would now like to give you a brief summary of the "unhealthy fatty acids and fats. Saturated fats, found mainly in animal products increase our risk of heart disease and stroke. Trans fatty acids are also harmful fats. Trans fatty acids are a bit like the body needing a curved hockey stick or hooked shaped line of building blocks (cis fatty acids), but trans are a straight line of building blocks. If we eat excess carbohydrate or fat, we usually gain weight and develop obesity, high cholesterol, high low density lipids (bad), and high blood pressure. If we improve this to more of a balance of carbohydrates, protein and healthy fats, we can often lose weight, lower our cholesterol and our blood pressure and increase our high density lipids (good).
What are some good tips to work toward this healthy goal? Firstly, if you cook at high heats, use butter, lard or emu oil (boiling point 300 C). Do not cook with most vegetable oils as they tolerate heat poorly and frequently become trans fatty acids. Secondly, avoid using hard margarine (hydrogenation usually hardens it and increases the trans component).
The best fat choice is a good oil (eg. olive), preferably cold-pressed. Thirdly, use 'cold pressed' oils in your diet. Cold pressed means that hexane, a nasty petrochemical, was not used in the oil seed extraction process and the lower heats used for extraction do not destroy the vitamin E. About 95% of our grocery store vegetable oils are currently extracted with hexane (mainly because it is cheap - you get what you pay for!).
Fourthly, increase your intake of balanced essential fatty acids. About 75% of North Americans are lacking in either omega-6 or omega-3 or both fatty acids. A change in diet could include soybean oil (careful here, as we are still uncertain about genetically modified foods), walnut oil, emu oil, ostrich oil, omega-3 chicken eggs (produced in B.C. and in many grocery stores).
In last month's article on ostrich oil, Dr. Dietrich Klinghardt cited three possible causes of multiple sclerosis. Imbalance of fatty acids is a very important one of the three. MS is an auto-immune, iniflammatory attack on our myelin in the brain and spinal cord.
Al Bryant's impressive recovery probably is best explained by improving his essential fatty acid balance. Ostrich oil is only modestly absorbed through skin. This could explain why so much was needed. Emu oil, meanwhile, is very well absorbed through skin. In addition, emu oil is recognized to be a very good balanced oil -closer to olive oil than any other animal oil. Also, emu oil has documented antiinflammatory effects, often equal or better than ibuprofen, but no nasty side-effects like bleeding stomach or steroid (cortisone) injury or osteoporosis.
Emu oil's documented antiinflammatory ability may also explain its topical or oral ingestion with symptom improvement for MS or other inflammatory based illness. An excellent example is topical emu oil's ability to reduce nerve irritability and the pain and itching of shingles (Herpes Zoster). Almost nothing works as well for patient comfort.
Dr. William Code, MD, FRCPC, is a currently retired anesthesiologist on his own personal journey with multiple sclerosis. Forfurther information, please refer to the books below, or contact Dr. Code at 250-746-1593.
Resources: Fats That Heal. Fats That Kill by Udo Erasmus, Ph.D. ISBN 0-920470-3S-6
Essential Fatty Acids in Health and Disease by Edward N. Siquel M.D., Ph.D. ISBN 0-9642534-0-2.
Courtesy of Emu Today and Tomorrow, March 2000
http://www.wonderoil.com/store/emu_oil/ ... /index.htm
Emu Oil Research
Emu Oil Research
Last edited by Melody on Thu Aug 25, 2005 11:17 am, edited 1 time in total.
Some more
Protein Offers Help, Hope for Sufferers of Diseases Like Parkinson's, Fybromyalgia, Multiple Sclerosis
[ 08/12/2005 ]
Protein Offers Help, Hope for Sufferers of Diseases Like Parkinson's, Fybromyalgia, Multiple Sclerosis
Two-time Grammy nominee and country and western singer Barbara Fairchild watched sadly as her mother, Opal, slipped into the late stages of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Opal couldn't talk or swallow, and she no longer recognized her family. Now she plays with her grandchildren and chats with family.
Change came steadily but surely after Glutathione was adding to her diet. Clinical testing has found that 5% or less of the needed amount of this important molecule is present in Alzheimers and Parkinsons victims. That's why Randie Rabideau of Toronto got his father to supplement his diet with Glutathione. Within two and a half weeks, a man who had suffered from tremors and shaking and had difficulty walking was moving about normally. Pain had disappeared.
Diabetes, multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diseases like Lupus have all been tied to a lack of Glutathione -- called the body's most powerful antioxidant. Debilitated from chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, Martin Joynes was on the verge of buying diapers and a wheelchair when he started studying this protein's impact on health. Now free of disease, his web site, http://www.goodmednews.com/, is devoted to helping people regain and improve their health by boosting their Glutathione level. The National Research Council of Canada has cited his work.
Glutathione levels drop when food groups called Lectins cause and mimic viruses. The body starts to consume Glutathione, just as it does when a real virus attacks. Lectin proteins are removed from the diet, often by lowering carbohydrate levels. Then Glutathione is added.
Though links have been found between cancer and Glutathione, many mainstream doctors remain ignorant of its benefits. Not Dr. William Code. Now a speaker on the topic, he suffered from progressive multiple sclerosis for eight years before Glutathione supplementation helped him regain his strength and ability to walk. "With the latest knowledge about nutritional interventions," he noted, "we can go a long way to protect ourselves from the effects of stress and aging and the diseases associated with it."
For more information on using Glutathione to fight disease visit http://www.goodmednews.com/ today.
<shortened url>
[ 08/12/2005 ]
Protein Offers Help, Hope for Sufferers of Diseases Like Parkinson's, Fybromyalgia, Multiple Sclerosis
Two-time Grammy nominee and country and western singer Barbara Fairchild watched sadly as her mother, Opal, slipped into the late stages of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Opal couldn't talk or swallow, and she no longer recognized her family. Now she plays with her grandchildren and chats with family.
Change came steadily but surely after Glutathione was adding to her diet. Clinical testing has found that 5% or less of the needed amount of this important molecule is present in Alzheimers and Parkinsons victims. That's why Randie Rabideau of Toronto got his father to supplement his diet with Glutathione. Within two and a half weeks, a man who had suffered from tremors and shaking and had difficulty walking was moving about normally. Pain had disappeared.
Diabetes, multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diseases like Lupus have all been tied to a lack of Glutathione -- called the body's most powerful antioxidant. Debilitated from chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, Martin Joynes was on the verge of buying diapers and a wheelchair when he started studying this protein's impact on health. Now free of disease, his web site, http://www.goodmednews.com/, is devoted to helping people regain and improve their health by boosting their Glutathione level. The National Research Council of Canada has cited his work.
Glutathione levels drop when food groups called Lectins cause and mimic viruses. The body starts to consume Glutathione, just as it does when a real virus attacks. Lectin proteins are removed from the diet, often by lowering carbohydrate levels. Then Glutathione is added.
Though links have been found between cancer and Glutathione, many mainstream doctors remain ignorant of its benefits. Not Dr. William Code. Now a speaker on the topic, he suffered from progressive multiple sclerosis for eight years before Glutathione supplementation helped him regain his strength and ability to walk. "With the latest knowledge about nutritional interventions," he noted, "we can go a long way to protect ourselves from the effects of stress and aging and the diseases associated with it."
For more information on using Glutathione to fight disease visit http://www.goodmednews.com/ today.
<shortened url>
1
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has in recent times been referred to as "the great crippler of young adults". It usually strikes victims in the prime of their life and is one of the most dreaded degenerative diseases of the nervous system. The symptoms of MS are quite variable, ranging from one or two attacks of weakness in a limb or blurred vision, to a relentless, progressive deterioration of speech, movement and other basic functions. MS affects various parts of the nervous system by destroying myelin, a fatty sheath that insulates nerve fibers rather as a plastic insulates electric wire. This destruction leaves scars or plaques that short–circuit the electrical signals passing through the nerve fibers. The scarring process is called sclerosis. Depending on the location of the nerve affected, patients may suffer localized weakness or stiffness, visual difficulties, diminished bladder or bowel control and other neurological dysfunctions. Attacks may be mild, lasting only days and followed by remission, but most suffer relapse after months or years. A few experience rapid progression of the disease and are quickly disabled. The cause of MS is unclear. However, many theories have been put forward. Some point to environmental and or genetic factors, and some researchers believe that certain viruses may be involved, or view MS as an autoimmune ailment (in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue). Others are investigating dietary factors or exposure to toxins such as lead, mercury, pesticides and carbon monoxide. Yet another theory considers the role of allergies. Conventional medicine treats the symptoms of MS but cannot cure it, however, some newer drugs show promise in diminishing the rate of relapse. Diets of all sorts have been widely tested without consistent results. Everything about this disease is difficult to study because the symptoms vary so widely, patients often recover spontaneously and one can never be sure whether or not a treatment has been instrumental. Multiple Sclerosis is one of a group of nervous system diseases called neurodegenerative disorders. This group also includes Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or Lou Gehrig’s disease). Although the specific cause of these diseases are unknown, a number of recent studies suggest that an important role is played by oxygenderived free radical formation and/or lack of adequate antioxidant defenses.
OXIDATION AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
The myelin sheaths destroyed by MS are made of lipids, fatty substances highly sensitive to damage by lipid peroxidation, a particularly aggressive type of oxidation. Our key metabolic defenses are GHS and SOD (super-oxide dismutase). It has been shown that elevating these natural defense systems reduce the damage of oxidative stress. Investigations looking specifically at the breakdown products of oxidation have revealed significantly higher levels in MS patients. Pradlip Toshniwal and Edwin Zarling from Loyola University in Chicago went one step further in their studies. They were able to show to show that these levels of oxidative stress corresponded to the severity of the MS attack. Some authors including S.M.LeVine from the University of Kansas suggest that the pathological process leading to the demyelination of nerves is possible because the immune system cooperates with a free radical penetrating system present within the myelin sheaths. This explanation combines the two hypotheses that describes MS-that it is an autoimmune disease, and is also caused by oxidative stress. He describes how during a demyelination episode, macrophage (cells of the immune system that are supposed to act protectively) seek out myelin and release powerful chemicals (lipases, proteinases, H2O2 and others) these biochemicals result in tremendous levels of oxidative stress. Such a hypothesis leads us to believe that either blunting the immune response or minimizing oxidative stress could help MS patients. Immunosuppressive drugs that blunt the immune response have had only limited success. This has driven reserchers to find ways 2 to improve antioxidant protection, glutathione modulation being one of the most promising areas.
GLUTATHIONE & MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Many studies have compared groups of MS patients to healthy individuals. Among other things, they have measured levels of reactive metabolites (breakdown products of oxidation) and protective enzymes, especially GHS. An Italian group headed by Vince Calabrese drew samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through spinal taps. CSF analysis is a good indicator of brain metabolism. They found that GHS peroxidase levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients were consistently low. This conclusion was that in MS, the fundamental activity of anti-oxidation is abnormal and that oxidative stress plays a causative role. Another study looking at CSF was performed by the Swedes G Ronquist and G. Frithz who tested spinal taps from a large number of patients including those with stroke, seizures, brain tumors and MS. The cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients was found to be almost lacking in GHS. There is further evidence of the involvement of free radical elevation and GHS depletion in MS. Helen Langemann in Switzerland measured GHS levels within MS plaques themselves. Without exception, they were depleted. Researchers led by I. Singh at the University of South Carolina examined the fundamental tissue abnormality in MS. The actual myelin breakdown occurs to a large part because of the release of strong inflammatory chemicals called cytokines. These cytokines generate huge numbers of free radicals. Pre-treating neurological tissue with NAC (N-acetylcysteine) to raise glutathione levels protected these tissues from demyelination. Conversely, when GHS was chemically depleted, the demyelination grew worse. Simpler studies demonstrating decreased blood levels of GSH peroxidase in MS patients have been repeated by many Scandinavian, Italian and North American researchers. These levels as well can be inversely correlated with the degree of severity of the attack.
SELENIUM AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Some research suggests that low selenium levels are connected to the development of MS. Selenium is an essential part of the GSH peroxidase enzyme and low selenium levels certainly decrease GSH effectiveness. A Danish team led by J. Mai supplied high dose antioxidant supplements to MS patients made up of 6mg selenium, 2g Vitamin C, and 480mg of Vitamin E. These patients showed few side effects and glutathione peroxidase activity increased by a factor of five within five weeks.
CONCLUSION
MS is a difficult disease to study because its spontaneous remission and relapses make it very unpredictable. It is therefore hard to correlate any sort of intervention with changes in a patient’s condition. In order to be statistically significant, prospective trials would have to include hundreds of subjects. However, certain findings have been demonstrated consistentely in multiple sclerosis patients. The breakdown products of oxidative stress are present in large numbers, and the levels of free radical formation corresponds to the severity of the MS attack. Furthermore, glutathione activity is clearly impaired in this disease. Also, individual tissues suffer less free radical damage when antioxidants and glutathione therapy is used. Although not a cure, many authors have suggested that reduced oxidative damage would help MS patients, and suggest in particular the helpful role of elevated GSH levels. The above is taken from "Glutathione – GSH – your body’s most powerful healing agent" by Jimmy Gutman MD, FACEP and Stephen Schettini. ISBN: 0-9687078-2-3
http://www.goodmednews.com/pdfs/ms/ms.pdf
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has in recent times been referred to as "the great crippler of young adults". It usually strikes victims in the prime of their life and is one of the most dreaded degenerative diseases of the nervous system. The symptoms of MS are quite variable, ranging from one or two attacks of weakness in a limb or blurred vision, to a relentless, progressive deterioration of speech, movement and other basic functions. MS affects various parts of the nervous system by destroying myelin, a fatty sheath that insulates nerve fibers rather as a plastic insulates electric wire. This destruction leaves scars or plaques that short–circuit the electrical signals passing through the nerve fibers. The scarring process is called sclerosis. Depending on the location of the nerve affected, patients may suffer localized weakness or stiffness, visual difficulties, diminished bladder or bowel control and other neurological dysfunctions. Attacks may be mild, lasting only days and followed by remission, but most suffer relapse after months or years. A few experience rapid progression of the disease and are quickly disabled. The cause of MS is unclear. However, many theories have been put forward. Some point to environmental and or genetic factors, and some researchers believe that certain viruses may be involved, or view MS as an autoimmune ailment (in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue). Others are investigating dietary factors or exposure to toxins such as lead, mercury, pesticides and carbon monoxide. Yet another theory considers the role of allergies. Conventional medicine treats the symptoms of MS but cannot cure it, however, some newer drugs show promise in diminishing the rate of relapse. Diets of all sorts have been widely tested without consistent results. Everything about this disease is difficult to study because the symptoms vary so widely, patients often recover spontaneously and one can never be sure whether or not a treatment has been instrumental. Multiple Sclerosis is one of a group of nervous system diseases called neurodegenerative disorders. This group also includes Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or Lou Gehrig’s disease). Although the specific cause of these diseases are unknown, a number of recent studies suggest that an important role is played by oxygenderived free radical formation and/or lack of adequate antioxidant defenses.
OXIDATION AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
The myelin sheaths destroyed by MS are made of lipids, fatty substances highly sensitive to damage by lipid peroxidation, a particularly aggressive type of oxidation. Our key metabolic defenses are GHS and SOD (super-oxide dismutase). It has been shown that elevating these natural defense systems reduce the damage of oxidative stress. Investigations looking specifically at the breakdown products of oxidation have revealed significantly higher levels in MS patients. Pradlip Toshniwal and Edwin Zarling from Loyola University in Chicago went one step further in their studies. They were able to show to show that these levels of oxidative stress corresponded to the severity of the MS attack. Some authors including S.M.LeVine from the University of Kansas suggest that the pathological process leading to the demyelination of nerves is possible because the immune system cooperates with a free radical penetrating system present within the myelin sheaths. This explanation combines the two hypotheses that describes MS-that it is an autoimmune disease, and is also caused by oxidative stress. He describes how during a demyelination episode, macrophage (cells of the immune system that are supposed to act protectively) seek out myelin and release powerful chemicals (lipases, proteinases, H2O2 and others) these biochemicals result in tremendous levels of oxidative stress. Such a hypothesis leads us to believe that either blunting the immune response or minimizing oxidative stress could help MS patients. Immunosuppressive drugs that blunt the immune response have had only limited success. This has driven reserchers to find ways 2 to improve antioxidant protection, glutathione modulation being one of the most promising areas.
GLUTATHIONE & MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Many studies have compared groups of MS patients to healthy individuals. Among other things, they have measured levels of reactive metabolites (breakdown products of oxidation) and protective enzymes, especially GHS. An Italian group headed by Vince Calabrese drew samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through spinal taps. CSF analysis is a good indicator of brain metabolism. They found that GHS peroxidase levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients were consistently low. This conclusion was that in MS, the fundamental activity of anti-oxidation is abnormal and that oxidative stress plays a causative role. Another study looking at CSF was performed by the Swedes G Ronquist and G. Frithz who tested spinal taps from a large number of patients including those with stroke, seizures, brain tumors and MS. The cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients was found to be almost lacking in GHS. There is further evidence of the involvement of free radical elevation and GHS depletion in MS. Helen Langemann in Switzerland measured GHS levels within MS plaques themselves. Without exception, they were depleted. Researchers led by I. Singh at the University of South Carolina examined the fundamental tissue abnormality in MS. The actual myelin breakdown occurs to a large part because of the release of strong inflammatory chemicals called cytokines. These cytokines generate huge numbers of free radicals. Pre-treating neurological tissue with NAC (N-acetylcysteine) to raise glutathione levels protected these tissues from demyelination. Conversely, when GHS was chemically depleted, the demyelination grew worse. Simpler studies demonstrating decreased blood levels of GSH peroxidase in MS patients have been repeated by many Scandinavian, Italian and North American researchers. These levels as well can be inversely correlated with the degree of severity of the attack.
SELENIUM AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Some research suggests that low selenium levels are connected to the development of MS. Selenium is an essential part of the GSH peroxidase enzyme and low selenium levels certainly decrease GSH effectiveness. A Danish team led by J. Mai supplied high dose antioxidant supplements to MS patients made up of 6mg selenium, 2g Vitamin C, and 480mg of Vitamin E. These patients showed few side effects and glutathione peroxidase activity increased by a factor of five within five weeks.
CONCLUSION
MS is a difficult disease to study because its spontaneous remission and relapses make it very unpredictable. It is therefore hard to correlate any sort of intervention with changes in a patient’s condition. In order to be statistically significant, prospective trials would have to include hundreds of subjects. However, certain findings have been demonstrated consistentely in multiple sclerosis patients. The breakdown products of oxidative stress are present in large numbers, and the levels of free radical formation corresponds to the severity of the MS attack. Furthermore, glutathione activity is clearly impaired in this disease. Also, individual tissues suffer less free radical damage when antioxidants and glutathione therapy is used. Although not a cure, many authors have suggested that reduced oxidative damage would help MS patients, and suggest in particular the helpful role of elevated GSH levels. The above is taken from "Glutathione – GSH – your body’s most powerful healing agent" by Jimmy Gutman MD, FACEP and Stephen Schettini. ISBN: 0-9687078-2-3
http://www.goodmednews.com/pdfs/ms/ms.pdf
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