it's true, 12mg would likely be enough for healthy average joe/josephine - but you have to get more than the RDA to correct suboptimal levels as we see in ms patients... or outright deficiencies like i had
i would define 'too much' zinc as any amount that takes your serum level over 18.2umol/L.
100 mg sporadically over 3 months was too much in my case and i went up over 20. i can keep it in line with 50mg per day and it has really improved my uric acid status amazingly. also i process oral d3 like a bat out of hell now! not sure if that's because of the zinc, but d3 receptors do have zinc fingers...
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Zn plays a clear role in the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin as well as conformational integrity of insulin in the hexameric form, the decreased Zn, which affects the ability of the islet cell to produce and secrete insulin, might then compound the problem...
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The behaviour of proinsulin and insulin in the presence of zinc suggests it plays an important role in insulin's production in the B-cell for the vast majority of animal species...
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...it appears that zinc can induce an increase in glucose transport into cells and potentiate insulin-induced glucose transport, likely acting through the insulin-signaling pathway.
with magnesium it's best absorbed in the lower intestine and supplements get dealt with higher up. so really, it's best to try to get as much as you can from food, mmm chard spinach and pumpkin seeds... (ugh, i'll take the spinach thanks lol!)
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Magnesium deficiency has been associated with insulin resistance (IR) and increased risk for type 2 diabetes in adults...
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Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most abundant ions present in living cells and its plasma concentration is remarkably constant in healthy subjects. Plasma and intracellular Mg concentrations are tightly regulated by several factors. Among them, insulin seems to be one of the most important. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that insulin may modulate the shift of Mg from extracellular to intracellular space...