My understanding based on what I have read here on TIMS,
and I claim no expertise here at all, is that they started from the assumption that MS is autoimmune and MOG myelin and PLP were the targets.
They therefore made a peptide sequence that was based on the known genetic sequences of those (didn't they patent the gene sequences they discovered for this?) and then tested people's blood to see if there were immune cells that reacted to the peptide sequence they had created. Some people did, but more did not so they expanded the peptide sequences to get more people to react.
http://www.thisisms.com/ftopict-4202.html
Is this understanding accurate??
I never was invited to that trial though my MS neuro was a participating center. He told me early on it was not working at all well and he was disappointed. His comment was that only "10%" of people were testing positive for the antibodies and were therefore treatable. I believe they got the number up by expanding the sequence as the above thread indicates and Tim told me that they were having about a 50% reactivity, not 10% as my neuro commented, when I wrote and asked him about that.
But in other AI diseases you can do a blood test and see if people have that antibody. We do not have a specific MS antibody that is present in all people with MS and which is testable. If we did, we could block it and MS would be over. Tovaxin did not work well and probably because it did not target an antibody that was
causing MS as was hoped.
Prineas and Barnett documented new MS lesions with oligodendrocyte death and no immune activation. This would suggest something killed the oligo's and THEN the immune system came along to clean it up.
If such a process took place, then there would be dead myelin. In fact, at the site of MS lesions there are macrophages that have "eaten" myelin. Some have assumed this means this is autoimmune, but if myelin is dead it is the job of macrophages to do that. As such it may make sense that there would be some MRTC's.... But since they did not initiate the damage, blocking them will not stop MS. Exactly what seemed to be true in Tovaxon trials....
I am very open to be corrected here if you know something different than what I understand... I do not know everything and that is certain!
Personally I really wanted tovaxin to work. It is safer and more targeted than what else is out there. The theoretical model was really good and it was going to be a good drug I thought. I would still be glad to see it proven helpful

I'm not offering medical advice, I am just a patient too! Talk to your doctor about what is best for you...
http://www.thisisms.com/ftopic-7318-0.html This is my regimen thread
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