Tropospheric ozone

[Petr75]

1.
windows2universe.org

2.1/2018
Ozone modifies the metabolic and endocrine response to glucose: Reproduction of effects with the stress hormone corticosterone
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29391239
Ultrafine Particulate Matter Combined with Ozone Exacerbates Lung Injury in Mature Adult Rats with Cardiovascular Disease.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29394414
Effects of Simulated Smog Atmospheres in Rodent Models of Metabolic and Immunologic Dysfunction.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29384667
Aging Exacerbates Neuroinflammatory Outcomes Induced by Acute Ozone Exposure.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29385576
Associations between ambient air pollution and daily mortality in a cohort of congestive heart failure: Case-crossover and nested case-control analyses using a distributed lag nonlinear model.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29361317
News on Climate change, air pollution and allergic trigger factors of asthma.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29345235
Association between PM10, PM2.5, NO2, O3 and self-reported diabetes in Italy: A cross-sectional, ecological study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29342195
Global association between ambient air pollution and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29331891
Ozone-Induced Vascular Contractility and Pulmonary Injury are Differentially Impacted by Diets Enriched with Coconut Oil, Fish Oil, and Olive Oil.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29329427

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Ozone exposure induces respiratory barrier biphasic injury and inflammation controlled by Interleukin-33.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29331644
..CONCLUSION:
The data demonstrate that ozone causes an immediate barrier injury which precedes myeloid cell mediated inflammatory injury under the control of IL-33/ST2 axis. Thus, IL-33/ST2 signaling is critical for the maintenance of intact epithelial barrier and inflammation.

IL-33 Drives Augmented Responses to Ozone in Obese Mice https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/ehp272/
..Recent reports by others indicate profound systemic effects of O3 exposure that include elevations in circulating glucose and lipids (Miller et al. 2015). Hence, we cannot rule out the possibility that the observed effects of γδ T cell deficiency (Figure 5) and anti-ST2 (Figures 1 and 3) were the result of systemic rather than pulmonary effects of O3 in obese mice. However, as IL-33 was reduced in the blood, but increased in BAL after O3 exposure, the observed effects of IL-33 were more likely the result of IL-33 released in the lung.
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Increased Concentrations of Interleukin-33 in the Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/268 ... t=Abstract
..CONCLUSIONS:
Our results showed increased concentrations of IL-33 in patients with MS including both untreated and treated MS patients and patients with the RRMS, SPMS, and PPMS forms. This suggests that IL-33 may be involved in the pathogenesis of all MS forms and treatment with methylprednisolone or both interferon-β plus methylprednisolone has no influence on IL-33 concentrations.

[Petr75]

O3
14/02/2018
Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico
Activity of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in acute brain oxidative damage induced by ozone exposure
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... via%3Dihub

Abstract
Selective brain damage induced by ozone exposure. Ozone exposure induce superoxide radical (O●2) capable to produce an overproduction of proinflammatory markers as platelet-activating factor (PAF), tumor-necrotic factor (TNF) and gamma-interferon (IFɤ), as well as nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO), which reaching the brain tissue induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LP). However, at the cerebral cortex of treated mice with the nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) inhibitor 7-Nitroindazole (7-NI), the LP expressed in Reactive Fluorescence Units (R.F.U./mg prot) showed significant decrease as compared to those treated with Solution Saline (SS), while the hippocampus (Hp) with Aminoguanidine (AMG) and the striatum (St) with L-G nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME) were also protected from the O3. Such effects indicated that the noxious effects of ozone over the central nervous system could occur as consequence of an overproduction of NO induced by an inflammatory reaction.



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MS
06/2004
Neurovirology Research Laboratory Veterans Affairs, Salt Lake City
Inducible nitric oxide synthase in chronic active multiple sclerosis plaques: distribution, cellular expression and association with myelin damage.
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme that produces nitric oxide (NO) and is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The extent of iNOS expression was examined using laser scanning confocal microscopy of 13 chronic active plaques from seven MS patients displaying both acute demyelination and active inflammation. iNOS expression in these plaques was substantial and diverse in cellular distribution. Expression of iNOS was observed in ependymal cells located in periventricular lesions, inflammatory cells, and occasionally in astrocytes. iNOS was found in microglial/macrophage cells that expressed CD64, the high affinity Fc gamma receptor associated with cells that have phagocytic function and participate in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Scavenger microglial/macrophage cells that expressed the marker CD14 were also present and may express iNOS. The markers for myelin damage, nitrotyrosine (an index of iNOS mediated damage via peroxynitrite formation), along with MBP fragments, were also observed associated with iNOS in MS plaques. Together, these findings support a central role for iNOS in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

[koneall]

Medical grade ozone is known to up-regulate antioxidants. I don't know whether that might mitigate the NO effect. IV ozone is used as a treatment for MS.

[Petr75]

I'm adding:


2007 Ap
Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
Pulmonary function in multiple sclerosis without any respiratory complaints.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17046152

..CONCLUSION:
Our results indicate the presence of pulmonary dysfunction in MS even in the absence of any respiratory symptoms

[Petr75]

O3
2018
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, France
Ozone Atmospheric Pollution and Alzheimer's Disease: From Epidemiological Facts to Molecular Mechanisms.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29480184
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MS
2008 Feb
Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
Multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17924575
.. RESULTS:
Profound microglia activation, determined by a broad spectrum of markers, was found in both MS and AD cortices, and the patterns of microglia activation were closely similar
CONCLUSIONS:
Our data suggest that microglia activation in the MS cortex alone has little or no influence on the development of cortical AD pathology.

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Yes, O3 can help, and the other side:
The efficacy of ozone therapy in neonatal rats with hypoxic ischemic brain injury. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29455541
The beneficial effects of ozone therapy in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29477043

CNS
10/2015
Ozone Therapy in Ethidium Bromide-Induced Demyelination in Rats: Possible Protective Effect
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26467344

2016
Ozone: A Multifaceted Molecule with Unexpected Therapeutic Activity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26687830

12/10/2016
Cerebrovascular pattern improved by ozone autohemotherapy: an entropy-based study on multiple sclerosis patients
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27734309

13/06/2017
Medical ozone promotes Nrf2 phosphorylation reducing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines in multiple sclerosis patients
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28623000

19/09/2017
Ozone Partially Decreases Axonal and Myelin Damage in an Experimental Sciatic Nerve Injury Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28925753

[Petr75]

O3
2018 Mar 12
Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
The Microbiome Regulates Pulmonary Responses to Ozone in Mice
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29529379
..Our data indicate that the microbiome contributes to ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, likely via its ability to produce short chain fatty acids

[Petr75]

O3
Epub 2017 Jun 16
Centre for Environment and Health, Leuven, Belgium
Does air pollution trigger suicide? A case-crossover analysis of suicide deaths over the life span.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28623424
..For O3, significant associations were also observed during spring and autumn. Age significantly modified the associations with PM10, with statistically significant associations observed only among 5-14 year old children (lag 0-6: OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.03-2.04) and ≥85 years old (e.g. lag 0-4: OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06-1.29). Recent increases in outdoor air pollutants such as PM10 or O3 can trigger suicide, particularly during warm periods, even at concentrations below the European thresholds. Furthermore, PM10 may have strong trigger effects among children and elderly population.

[Petr75]

O3
2018 Mar 15
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran (Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center)
Lag time structure of cardiovascular deaths attributed to ambient air pollutants in Ahvaz, Iran, 2008-2015
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29546882
.. RESULTS:
Findings indicated a direct significant relation between an interquartile range (IQR) increase in ozone and cardiovascular deaths among men after 3 days' lag ..

[Petr75]

MS
21 May 2010
Anna Maria Malagoni, Paolo Zamboni and Roberto ManfrediniEmail author, BMC Neurology
A seasonal periodicity in relapses of multiple sclerosis? A single-center, population-based, preliminary study conducted in Bologna, Italy
https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/art ... 377-10-105
.. Conclusions:
In this Italian setting, we found a biphasic pattern (peaks in spring and autumn) in severe MS relapses requiring medical consultation by doctors of the MS specialty center, apparently unrelated to meteorological variables..

[Petr75]

MS
2018 Mar 2
Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
An 8-year study of people with multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran: Association between environmental air pollutants and severity of disease.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29526408
..The results of our study suggest that air pollution could play a role in the severity and remission of MS disease..

[Petr75]

O3
Heliyon. 2018 Feb 1
Institute of Fusion Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju
Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29560433

..Abstract
Recently, the surface ozone concentration in the Korean peninsula has been increasing more rapidly than in the past, and seasonal changes are appearing such as increases in the number of ozone alerts in springtime. We examined changes in the timing of annual maximum South Korean O3 levels by fitting a sine function to data from 54 air-quality monitoring sites over a 10-year period (2005-2014). The analytical results show that the date of maximum ozone concentration at 23 points in the last 10 years has been advanced by about 2.1 days per year (E-sites), ..

[koneall]

Dr Shalenberger notes in his book that ozone is inaccurately tied to pollution. It's not the ozone that causes disease but rather it's the lead and nitrates and other components of air pollution that are the culprits.

[Petr75]

Dr Shalenberger notes in his book that ozone is inaccurately tied to pollution. It's not the ozone that causes disease but rather it's the lead and nitrates and other components of air pollution that are the culprits.

Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, depression and bipolar disorder all linked to metal toxicants such as lead and mercury
https://www.sott.net/article/269445-Alz ... nd-mercury
..Metal toxicants entering the part of the brain that deals with stress and panic have been linked to disorders dealing with the central nervous system. Increasing evidence indicates that damage to the locus ceruleus (LC), is present in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases including demyelinating and psychiatric disorders.
There are a growing number of Clinicians and Scientists who are convinced that excitotoxins and heavy metals play a critical role in the development of several neurological disorders, including migraines, seizures, infections, abnormal neural development, certain endocrine disorders, specific types of obesity, and especially the neurodegenerative diseases..



Yes, but I still think the main (ms) problem is O3 https://translate.google.cz/translate?s ... t=&act=url

[Petr75]

O3/forests
Symptom identification for broadleaf species: Symptoms are more severe on mid-aged and older leaves than on younger leaves. Older leaves are the first to develop symptoms (age effect).. http://www.ozoneinjury.org/index.php?op ... &Itemid=35

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MS
Age and gut bacteria contribute to MS disease progression https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases ... 111717.php
Older Age at Multiple Sclerosis Onset Is an Independent Factor of Poor Prognosis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28793296
Age-related small vessel disease: a potential contributor to neurodegeneration in MS https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27864848
Age-associated physiological and pathological changes at the blood-brain barrier https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27837191
Age and disability drive cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis across disease subtypes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27738090
Age gene expression and coexpression progressive signatures in peripheral blood leukocytes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26362218

[Petr75]

Dr Shalenberger notes in his book that ozone is inaccurately tied to pollution. It's not the ozone that causes disease but rather it's the lead and nitrates and other components of air pollution that are the culprits.

O3
If I understand this study correctly, emissions increase O3
Ozone enhances the airway inflammation initiated by diesel exhaust
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 110600597X#!
.. The present study indicates that O3 exposure adds significantly to the inflammatory response that is established by diesel exhaust..

MS
Multiple sclerosis: the upward trajectory continues. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27979338

What is more and more? I tips - cars.


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Neutrophils
O3
Ozone enhances the airway inflammation initiated by diesel exhaust
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 110600597X#!
..There was a significant increase in the percentage of neutrophils (PMN) after DE+O3 exposure ( p <0.05) as opposed to post-DE+air.

MS
Neutrophils in multiple sclerosis are characterized by a primed phenotype
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22169406
..Here, we show that neutrophils in multiple sclerosis patients are more numerous and exhibit a primed state based on reduced apoptosis,..

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MS/O3 It's speculation!