2020 Aug 27
Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Francisco José Longo , Brazil
Oral Colonization by Candida Species in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32856162/
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Since immune system plays a key role in this disease, patients with MS can present higher risk of infections.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of MS patients in relation to a control group METHODS: In total, 100 individuals were selected: 55 diagnosed with MS and 45 healthy individuals (control group). Saliva samples were collected and seeded in culture media selecting for Candida. Following an incubation period of 48 h, colony-forming units (CFU mL-1) were counted and colonies were isolated for Candida species identification by multiplex PCR. The results were analysed by chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U statistical tests considering a significance level of 5%.
Results: Candida spp. were confirmed in the oral cavity of 50.09% patients in the MS group and 35.55% individuals in the control group. In individuals positive for the growth of Candida spp., the median values of Candida colonies were 220 CFU mL-1 for the MS group and 120 CFU mL-1 for the control group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between groups for both prevalence and CFU mL-1 count. Of the Candida species identified, 73.91% were C. albicans, 21.73% C. glabrata, 2.17% C. tropicalis, and 2.17% C. krusei.
Conclusions: The colonization of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of individuals with multiple sclerosis was higher than in the control group; however these findings were not proven to be statistically significant.
Mouth
Mouth
https://www.eboro.cz
Re: Mouth
2021 Jan
Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Is there an association between multiple sclerosis and oral health?
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33772137/
Abstract
Data sources: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and CINAHL.
Study selection: Randomised controlled trials, cross-sectional studies and cohort studies.
Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers independently extracted data using piloted forms and contacted authors if relevant data were missing. Assessment of quality was done using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) for both cohort and cross-sectional studies. The score of NOS ranged from 1-9, where 6-7 is considered moderate quality while 8-9 is high quality.
Results: Seventeen studies were included in the review (13 cross-sectional and four cohort). Seven out of 13 cross-sectional studies scored ≤5 which indicates poor quality. The four case-control studies were of moderate quality. Overall, there is limited evidence that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have more dental caries or gingival disease. However, evidence suggests that patients with MS have more risk of periodontal disease and poor oral hygiene. The evidence also suggests a moderate association between MS and temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
Conclusions: With the exception of TMD, current evidence does not establish an association between MS and most oral health conditions. More high-quality evidence is needed to further explore and establish an association.
Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Is there an association between multiple sclerosis and oral health?
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33772137/
Abstract
Data sources: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and CINAHL.
Study selection: Randomised controlled trials, cross-sectional studies and cohort studies.
Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers independently extracted data using piloted forms and contacted authors if relevant data were missing. Assessment of quality was done using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) for both cohort and cross-sectional studies. The score of NOS ranged from 1-9, where 6-7 is considered moderate quality while 8-9 is high quality.
Results: Seventeen studies were included in the review (13 cross-sectional and four cohort). Seven out of 13 cross-sectional studies scored ≤5 which indicates poor quality. The four case-control studies were of moderate quality. Overall, there is limited evidence that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have more dental caries or gingival disease. However, evidence suggests that patients with MS have more risk of periodontal disease and poor oral hygiene. The evidence also suggests a moderate association between MS and temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
Conclusions: With the exception of TMD, current evidence does not establish an association between MS and most oral health conditions. More high-quality evidence is needed to further explore and establish an association.
https://www.eboro.cz
Re: Mouth
2021 Nov 30
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Bacterial variation in the oral microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34847159/
Abstract
Background: Microorganisms in oral cavity are called oral microbiota, while microbiome consists of total genome content of microorganisms in a host. Interaction between host and microorganisms is important in nervous system development and nervous diseases such as Autism, Alzheimer, Parkinson and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Bacterial infections, as an environmental factor in MS pathogenesis play role in T helper 17(Th17) increase and it enhancing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interlukin-21(IL-21), IL-17 and IL -22. Oral microbiota consists diverse populations of cultivable and uncultivable bacterial species. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) is an acceptable method for identification of uncultivable bacteria. In this study, we compared the bacterial population diversity in the oral cavity between MS and healthy people.
Methods: From October to March 2019, samples were taken at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences' MS patients center. A total of 30 samples were taken from MS patients and another 30 samples were taken from healthy people. Phenotypic tests were used to identify bacteria after pure cultures were obtained. DNA was extracted from 1 mL of saliva, and PCR products produced with primers were electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels.
Results: The genera Staphylococcus, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Veillonella, Propionibacterium and uncultivable bacteria with accession number MW880919-25, JQ477416.1, KF074888.1 and several other un-culturable strains were significantly more abundant in the MS group while Lactobacillus and Peptostreptococcus were more prevalent in the normal healthy group according to logistic regression method.
Conclusion: Oral micro-organisms may alleviate or exacerbate inflammatory condition which impact MS disease pathogenesis. It may be assumed that controlling oral infections may result in reduction of MS disease progression.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Bacterial variation in the oral microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34847159/
Abstract
Background: Microorganisms in oral cavity are called oral microbiota, while microbiome consists of total genome content of microorganisms in a host. Interaction between host and microorganisms is important in nervous system development and nervous diseases such as Autism, Alzheimer, Parkinson and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Bacterial infections, as an environmental factor in MS pathogenesis play role in T helper 17(Th17) increase and it enhancing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interlukin-21(IL-21), IL-17 and IL -22. Oral microbiota consists diverse populations of cultivable and uncultivable bacterial species. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) is an acceptable method for identification of uncultivable bacteria. In this study, we compared the bacterial population diversity in the oral cavity between MS and healthy people.
Methods: From October to March 2019, samples were taken at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences' MS patients center. A total of 30 samples were taken from MS patients and another 30 samples were taken from healthy people. Phenotypic tests were used to identify bacteria after pure cultures were obtained. DNA was extracted from 1 mL of saliva, and PCR products produced with primers were electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels.
Results: The genera Staphylococcus, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Veillonella, Propionibacterium and uncultivable bacteria with accession number MW880919-25, JQ477416.1, KF074888.1 and several other un-culturable strains were significantly more abundant in the MS group while Lactobacillus and Peptostreptococcus were more prevalent in the normal healthy group according to logistic regression method.
Conclusion: Oral micro-organisms may alleviate or exacerbate inflammatory condition which impact MS disease pathogenesis. It may be assumed that controlling oral infections may result in reduction of MS disease progression.
https://www.eboro.cz
Re: Mouth
02 April 2024
Investigating the metabolite signature of an altered oral microbiota as a discriminant factor for multiple sclerosis: a pilot study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-57949-4
..Among the metabolites, oral ammonium, which is a potent neurotoxic compound, was more common in the oral cavity of MS patients.
..Taken together, our results confirm the microbiota alterations in both oral and faecal compartments in MS patients
Investigating the metabolite signature of an altered oral microbiota as a discriminant factor for multiple sclerosis: a pilot study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-57949-4
..Among the metabolites, oral ammonium, which is a potent neurotoxic compound, was more common in the oral cavity of MS patients.
..Taken together, our results confirm the microbiota alterations in both oral and faecal compartments in MS patients
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Re: Mouth
2024 Jun 21
The hidden link: How oral and respiratory microbiomes affect multiple sclerosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38964239/
Results and conclusions: Thirteen studies were meticulously reviewed in three sections; oral microbiota, nasal microbiota (n = 3), and lung microbiota (n = 2), highlighting considerable alterations in the oral and respiratory microbiome of PwMS compared to healthy controls (HCs). Genera like Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus were less abundant in the oral microbiota of PwMS compared to HCs, while Staphylococcus, Leptotrichia, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides showed increased abundance in PwMS. Additionally, the presence of specific bacteria, including Streptococcus sanguinis, within the oral microbiota was suggested to influence Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, a well-established risk factor for MS. Studies related to the nasal microbiome indicated elevated levels of specific Staphylococcus aureus toxins, as well as nasal glial cell infection with human herpes virus (HHV)-6 in PwMS. Emerging research on lung microbiome in animal models demonstrated that manipulating the lung microbiome towards lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria might suppress MS symptoms. These findings open avenues for potential therapeutic strategies. However, further research is crucial to fully understand the complex interactions between the microbiome and MS. This will help identify the most effective timing, bacterial strains, and modulation techniques.
The hidden link: How oral and respiratory microbiomes affect multiple sclerosis
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38964239/
Results and conclusions: Thirteen studies were meticulously reviewed in three sections; oral microbiota, nasal microbiota (n = 3), and lung microbiota (n = 2), highlighting considerable alterations in the oral and respiratory microbiome of PwMS compared to healthy controls (HCs). Genera like Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus were less abundant in the oral microbiota of PwMS compared to HCs, while Staphylococcus, Leptotrichia, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides showed increased abundance in PwMS. Additionally, the presence of specific bacteria, including Streptococcus sanguinis, within the oral microbiota was suggested to influence Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, a well-established risk factor for MS. Studies related to the nasal microbiome indicated elevated levels of specific Staphylococcus aureus toxins, as well as nasal glial cell infection with human herpes virus (HHV)-6 in PwMS. Emerging research on lung microbiome in animal models demonstrated that manipulating the lung microbiome towards lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria might suppress MS symptoms. These findings open avenues for potential therapeutic strategies. However, further research is crucial to fully understand the complex interactions between the microbiome and MS. This will help identify the most effective timing, bacterial strains, and modulation techniques.
https://www.eboro.cz
Re: Mouth
2024 Jul 22
Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, China
Influence of periodontal microbial homeostasis on neurodegenerative diseases and its therapeutic perspectives
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39036920/
Abstract
The oral cavity is the second largest reservoir of microorganisms in the human body, containing more than 700 species. Periodontal microorganisms are an important part of oral microorganisms. Plaque biofilm, the initiator of periodontal disease, contains an abundance of oral microorganisms. The special complex anatomy of the periodontium allows for a higher abundance of the periodontal microbiota. There are growing evidences show that the periodontal microbiota is not only closely associated with oral diseases, but also plays an important role in mouth-brain interactions. Dysbiosis of the periodontal microbiota may facilitate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and multiple sclerosis. Here, this paper reviews the bidirectional role of periodontal microbiota between the oral cavity and the brain, that is, the bridge effect of periodontal microbiota involved in the interaction between the two diseases, enumerates the epidemiological and biological evidences that dysregulation of the periodontal microbiota induces and exacerbates neurodegenerative diseases, and analyzes their possible mechanisms. The positive implications of periodontal microbial homeostasis in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are described with the aim of providing new ideas and insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.
Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, China
Influence of periodontal microbial homeostasis on neurodegenerative diseases and its therapeutic perspectives
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39036920/
Abstract
The oral cavity is the second largest reservoir of microorganisms in the human body, containing more than 700 species. Periodontal microorganisms are an important part of oral microorganisms. Plaque biofilm, the initiator of periodontal disease, contains an abundance of oral microorganisms. The special complex anatomy of the periodontium allows for a higher abundance of the periodontal microbiota. There are growing evidences show that the periodontal microbiota is not only closely associated with oral diseases, but also plays an important role in mouth-brain interactions. Dysbiosis of the periodontal microbiota may facilitate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and multiple sclerosis. Here, this paper reviews the bidirectional role of periodontal microbiota between the oral cavity and the brain, that is, the bridge effect of periodontal microbiota involved in the interaction between the two diseases, enumerates the epidemiological and biological evidences that dysregulation of the periodontal microbiota induces and exacerbates neurodegenerative diseases, and analyzes their possible mechanisms. The positive implications of periodontal microbial homeostasis in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are described with the aim of providing new ideas and insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.
https://www.eboro.cz
Re: Mouth
2025 Mar 18
Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by driving Th1 differentiation via ZAP70/NF-κB signaling
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40170858/
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https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/r ... -diseases/
Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by driving Th1 differentiation via ZAP70/NF-κB signaling
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40170858/
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https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/r ... -diseases/
https://www.eboro.cz